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Efficacy of Hybrid Photovoltaic–Thermal and Geothermal Heat Pump System for Greenhouse Climate Control

Author

Listed:
  • Chung Geon Lee

    (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea)

  • Geum Choon Kang

    (Asquare Inc., Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea)

  • Jae Kyung Jang

    (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea)

  • Sung-Wook Yun

    (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea)

  • Jong Pil Moon

    (Division of Smart Farm Development, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54875, Republic of Korea)

  • Hong-Seok Mun

    (Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
    Department of Multimedia Engineering, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea)

  • Eddiemar Baguio Lagua

    (Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea
    Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System (BK21 Plus), Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

This study evaluated the performance of a hybrid heat pump system integrating photovoltaic–thermal (PVT) panels with a standing column well (SCW) geothermal system in a strawberry greenhouse. The PVT panels, installed over 10% of the area of a 175 m 3 greenhouse, stored excess solar heat in an aquifer to offset the reduced efficiency of the geothermal source during extended operation. The results showed that the hybrid system can supply 11,253 kWh of heat energy during the winter, maintaining the night time indoor temperature at 10 °C even when outdoor conditions dropped to −10.5 °C. The PVT system captured 11,125 kWh of solar heat during heating the off season, increasing the heat supply up to 22,378 kWh annually. Additionally, the system generated 3839 kWh of electricity, which significantly offset the 36.72% of the annual pump system electricity requirements, enhancing the system coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.38. Strawberry production increased by 4% with 78% heating cost saving compared to a kerosene boiler system. The results show that the PVT system effectively supports the geothermal system, improving heating performance and demonstrating the feasibility of hybrid renewable energy in smart farms to enhance efficiency, reduce fossil fuel use, and advance carbon neutrality.

Suggested Citation

  • Chung Geon Lee & Geum Choon Kang & Jae Kyung Jang & Sung-Wook Yun & Jong Pil Moon & Hong-Seok Mun & Eddiemar Baguio Lagua, 2025. "Efficacy of Hybrid Photovoltaic–Thermal and Geothermal Heat Pump System for Greenhouse Climate Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:20:p:5386-:d:1770080
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    References listed on IDEAS

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