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Gesamtwirtschaftliche und unternehmerische Anpassungsfortschritte in Ostdeutschland: Vierzehnter Bericht

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  • Brenke, Karl
  • Eickelpasch, Alexander
  • Sander, Birgit
  • Postlep, Rolf-Dieter
  • Schmidt, Klaus-Dieter
  • Beer, Siegfried
  • Ragnitz, Joachim

Abstract

In den neuen Bundesländern hat das wirtschaftliche Wachstum merklich an Schwung verloren. Die konjunkturelle Stockung in weiten Teilen Westeuropas hinterläßt hier tiefe Spuren. Die Zahl der Unternehmen, die sich in existentiellen Schwierigkeiten befindet, nimmt in letzter Zeit besorgniserregend zu. Es wäre aber falsch, alle Schwierigkeiten der schwachen Konjunktur zuzuschreiben: (1) Viele Investoren haben die Aufgabe im Osten unterschätzt. Sie sind vor allem bei der Beurteilung der Marktchancen zu optimistisch gewesen. Die Märkte sind häufig eng besetzt, und die etablierten Unternehmen sitzen meist so fest im Sattel, daß es nicht leicht ist, ihnen Marktanteile abzunehmen. (2) Nicht wenige Investoren haben aber auch sich selbst überschätzt. Ihnen fehlen häufig das notwendige unternehmerische Wissen, eine ausreichende Erfahrung sowie das nötige Kapital, um auch eine längere Durststrecke durchzustehen. Sechs Jahre nach Einführung der Marktwirtschaft in der früheren DDR trennt sich nun die Spreu vom Weizen. Es ist unter marktwirtschaftlichen Verhältnissen unvermeidlich, daß Unternehmen scheitern. Das allein ist kein Zeichen einer generellen Leistungsschwäche der Wirtschaft. Entscheidend ist es vielmehr, daß die Unternehmen im Markt bleiben, die sich dort bewähren, und daß die Unternehmen, die den Markttest nicht bestehen, durch neue, erfolgversprechende Unternehmen ersetzt werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Brenke, Karl & Eickelpasch, Alexander & Sander, Birgit & Postlep, Rolf-Dieter & Schmidt, Klaus-Dieter & Beer, Siegfried & Ragnitz, Joachim, 1996. "Gesamtwirtschaftliche und unternehmerische Anpassungsfortschritte in Ostdeutschland: Vierzehnter Bericht," Kiel Discussion Papers 277/278, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkdp:277-278
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