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Divergent Reference-Dependent Risk-Attitudes and Endogenous Collateral Constraints

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  • Faia, Ester
  • Curatola, Giuliano

Abstract

The booms preceding financial crises typically feature high exposure to risky assets, high leverage, asset price growth and low debt margins, which are then followed by sharp de-leveraging after the crisis. We build a model that endogenously generates such heightened leverage/deleverage cycle and asset price boom/bust with three elements. First borrowers exhibit gain-loss preferences around a time-varying reference level, hence they are increasingly risk tolerant at the upper tails and this fosters debt and risky asset demand, while they are loss-averse on the lower tails, something which fosters de-leveraging. Second they are subject to occasionally binding collateral constraints and third, there is heterogeneity in risk-attitudes between borrowers and lenders. The latter implies that the debt margin varies endogenously and countercyclically to close the gap between lenders/borrowers evaluations (namely debt demand and supply). We solve the model analytically and numerically, through a global method, namely policy function iterations with endogenously Markov-switching regimes. Numerically the model matches well several moments for asset prices, returns, equity premia and Sharpe ratio, the volatility of leverage, its procyclicality and the counter-cyclicality of the debt margins.

Suggested Citation

  • Faia, Ester & Curatola, Giuliano, 2016. "Divergent Reference-Dependent Risk-Attitudes and Endogenous Collateral Constraints," CEPR Discussion Papers 11678, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
  • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11678
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    Cited by:

    1. Faia, Ester & Pagel, Michaela, 2017. "P2P Lending: Information Externalities, Social Networks and Loans Substitution," CEPR Discussion Papers 12235, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Loss averse borrowers; Risk-tolerance; Endogenous price of risk; Excessive leverage; Occasionally binding constraints;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E0 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General
    • E5 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises

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