IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i11p6167-d570375.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Intention-Based Critical Factors Affecting Willingness to Adopt Novel Coronavirus Prevention in Pakistan: Implications for Future Pandemics

Author

Listed:
  • Munir Ahmad

    (School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Nadeem Akhtar

    (School of Urban Culture, Nanhai Campus, South China Normal University, Foshan 528225, China
    Pakistan Center, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750001, China)

  • Gul Jabeen

    (Research Institute of Business Analytics and Supply Chain Management, College of Management, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
    School of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)

  • Muhammad Irfan

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Muhammad Khalid Anser

    (School of Public Administration, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710000, China)

  • Haitao Wu

    (School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
    Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Cem Işık

    (Faculty of Tourism, Anadolu University, 26470 Tepebaşı-Eskişehir, Turkey)

Abstract

Since human beings have a long tradition of coexistence with pandemics, which may profoundly impact them, adopting preventive measures is crucial for humankind’s survival. This study explores the intention-based critical factors affecting the willingness of individuals to adopt pandemic prevention. To this end, a representative sample of 931 Pakistanis filled in an online questionnaire. However, only 828 questionnaires were found to be complete and valid for path modeling analysis. The core findings are as follows: Firstly, peer groups’ beliefs, self-efficacy, perceived risk, pandemic knowledge, ease of pandemic prevention adoption, and risk-averse behavior are revealed as driving forces of the individuals’ willingness to adopt pandemic prevention. Contrastingly, a lack of trust in political will and mythical attitude towards pandemics are uncovered as inhibitors. Nevertheless, moral values depict a neutral role. Secondly, the peer groups’ beliefs are highest ranked, followed by the lack of trust in political will and a mythical attitude towards pandemic prevention. Finally, moral values are determined as the lowest-ranked critical factor. Based on these results, the government should promote awareness campaigns on lethality and fatality of the pandemic at both centralized and decentralized levels to win people’s trust at the grass-roots level and overcome the mythical attitude of individuals at all societal levels. Besides, access to personal protective gears should be made feasible since an easier pandemic prevention adoption would increase the individuals’ willingness to adopt such preventative measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Munir Ahmad & Nadeem Akhtar & Gul Jabeen & Muhammad Irfan & Muhammad Khalid Anser & Haitao Wu & Cem Işık, 2021. "Intention-Based Critical Factors Affecting Willingness to Adopt Novel Coronavirus Prevention in Pakistan: Implications for Future Pandemics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-28, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:6167-:d:570375
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/6167/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/11/6167/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tan, Chin-Seang & Ooi, Hooi-Yin & Goh, Yen-Nee, 2017. "A moral extension of the theory of planned behavior to predict consumers’ purchase intention for energy-efficient household appliances in Malaysia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 459-471.
    2. Piotr Tarka, 2018. "An overview of structural equation modeling: its beginnings, historical development, usefulness and controversies in the social sciences," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 313-354, January.
    3. Pierluigi Cordellieri & Benedetta Barchielli & Valeria Masci & Francesca Viani & Ivan de Pinto & Andrea Priori & Felice Damiano Torriccelli & Chiara Cosmo & Stefano Ferracuti & Anna Maria Giannini & J, 2021. "Psychological Health Status of Psychiatric Patients Living in Treatment Communities before and during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Brief Report," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-9, March.
    4. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    5. Stephanie Rodriguez-Besteiro & José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera & Jesús Fernández-Lucas & Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez, 2021. "Gender Differences in the COVID-19 Pandemic Risk Perception, Psychology, and Behaviors of Spanish University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-9, April.
    6. Claudio Sica & Corrado Caudek & Silvia Cerea & Ilaria Colpizzi & Maria Caruso & Paolo Giulini & Gioia Bottesi, 2021. "Health Anxiety Predicts the Perceived Dangerousness of COVID-19 over and above Intrusive Illness-Related Thoughts, Contamination Symptoms, and State and Trait Negative Affect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    7. Ming‐Chou Ho & Daigee Shaw & Shuyeu Lin & Yao‐Chu Chiu, 2008. "How Do Disaster Characteristics Influence Risk Perception?," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(3), pages 635-643, June.
    8. Jianwei Shi & Leiyu Shi & Jinsong Geng & Rui Liu & Xin Gong & Xiaojie Bo & Ning Chen & Qian Liu & Yan Yang & Zhaoxin Wang, 2019. "Status of evidence‐based chronic diseases prevention implementation in Shanghai, China: A qualitative study," International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(3), pages 912-925, July.
    9. Yi-Ching Lee & Lindsey A. Malcein & Sojung Claire Kim, 2021. "Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Usage during COVID-19: Motivating Factors and Implications," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-14, March.
    10. Dian-Jeng Li & Nai-Ying Ko & Yu-Ping Chang & Cheng-Fang Yen & Yi-Lung Chen, 2021. "Mediating Effects of Risk Perception on Association between Social Support and Coping with COVID-19: An Online Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-12, February.
    11. Xiaotao Zhang & Abiodun Oluyomi & LeChauncy Woodard & Syed Ahsan Raza & Maral Adel Fahmideh & Ola El-Mubasher & Jinyoung Byun & Younghun Han & Christopher I. Amos & Hoda Badr, 2021. "Individual-Level Determinants of Lifestyle Behavioral Changes during COVID-19 Lockdown in the United States: Results of an Online Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-15, April.
    12. Berry, Kevin & Finnoff, David, 2016. "Choosing between adaptation and prevention with an increasing probability of a pandemic," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 132(PB), pages 177-192.
    13. Muhammad Irfan & Nadeem Akhtar & Munir Ahmad & Farrukh Shahzad & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Haitao Wu & Chuxiao Yang, 2021. "Assessing Public Willingness to Wear Face Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Fresh Insights from the Theory of Planned Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-22, April.
    14. Wang, Peipei & Zheng, Xinqi & Li, Jiayang & Zhu, Bangren, 2020. "Prediction of epidemic trends in COVID-19 with logistic model and machine learning technics," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    15. Jones, Caroline & Abeku, Tarekegn A. & Rapuoda, Beth & Okia, Michael & Cox, Jonathan, 2008. "District-based malaria epidemic early warning systems in East Africa: Perceptions of acceptability and usefulness among key staff at health facility, district and central levels," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(2), pages 292-300, July.
    16. Necmi K. Avkiran & Christian M. Ringle (ed.), 2018. "Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, number 978-3-319-71691-6, December.
    17. W. J. Wouter Botzen & Howard Kunreuther & Jeffrey Czajkowski & Hans de Moel, 2019. "Adoption of Individual Flood Damage Mitigation Measures in New York City: An Extension of Protection Motivation Theory," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(10), pages 2143-2159, October.
    18. Ammar Yasir & Xiaojian Hu & Munir Ahmad & Abdul Rauf & Jingwen Shi & Saba Ali Nasir, 2020. "Modeling Impact of Word of Mouth and E-Government on Online Social Presence during COVID-19 Outbreak: A Multi-Mediation Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-21, April.
    19. Nobuki Hashiguchi & Shintaro Sengoku & Yasushi Kubota & Shigeo Kitahara & Yeongjoo Lim & Kota Kodama, 2020. "Age-Dependent Influence of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations on Construction Worker Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-21, December.
    20. Raude, Jocelyn & MCColl, Kathleen & Flamand, Claude & Apostolidis, Themis, 2019. "Understanding health behaviour changes in response to outbreaks: Findings from a longitudinal study of a large epidemic of mosquito-borne disease," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 184-193.
    21. Han, Dun & Shao, Qi & Li, Dandan & Sun, Mei, 2020. "How the individuals’ risk aversion affect the epidemic spreading," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 369(C).
    22. Khezar Hayat & Meagen Rosenthal & Sen Xu & Muhammad Arshed & Pengchao Li & Panpan Zhai & Gebrehaweria Kassa Desalegn & Yu Fang, 2020. "View of Pakistani Residents toward Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) during a Rapid Outbreak: A Rapid Online Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-10, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Umar Farooq & Mosab I Tabash & Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan & Cem Işık & Tarik Dogru, 2024. "The Nexus between tourism-energy-environmental degradation: Does financial development matter in GCC countries?," Tourism Economics, , vol. 30(3), pages 680-701, May.
    2. Shanmugavel, Nagarajan & Balakrishnan, Janarthanan, 2023. "Influence of pro-environmental behaviour towards behavioural intention of electric vehicles," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    3. Sun, Bohan & Gao, Ke & Liu, Shuai & Wei, Qiaoqiao & Wang, Hui, 2023. "Assessing the performance and economic viability of solar home systems: A way forward towards clean energy exploration and consumption," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 409-419.
    4. Md Mostafizur Rahman & Mohammed Sadman Sakib & Afra Sayara Rahman & Md. Iftekharul Haque & Md. Tanvir Hossain & Md. Robiul Islam, 2023. "Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Towards COVID-19 Among Social Workers of Bangladesh," Public Organization Review, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 493-514, June.
    5. Marwa Elsherif, 2023. "Green Financing as a Tool to Mitigate Climate Change for Sustainable Development: An Insight form Egypt," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 13(3), pages 33-45, May.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jabeen, Gul & Ahmad, Munir & Zhang, Qingyu, 2021. "Perceived critical factors affecting consumers’ intention to purchase renewable generation technologies: Rural-urban heterogeneity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    2. Saeid Karimi & Genovaitė Liobikienė & Heshmatollah Saadi & Fatemeh Sepahvand, 2021. "The Influence of Media Usage on Iranian Students’ Pro-Environmental Behaviors: An Application of the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-19, July.
    3. Muhammad Irfan & Nadeem Akhtar & Munir Ahmad & Farrukh Shahzad & Rajvikram Madurai Elavarasan & Haitao Wu & Chuxiao Yang, 2021. "Assessing Public Willingness to Wear Face Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Fresh Insights from the Theory of Planned Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-22, April.
    4. Meles, Tensay Hadush & Ryan, Lisa & Mukherjee, Sanghamitra C., 2022. "Heterogeneity in preferences for renewable home heating systems among Irish households," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    5. José Alberto Martínez-González & Carmen D. Álvarez-Albelo, 2021. "Influence of Site Personalization and First Impression on Young Consumers’ Loyalty to Tourism Websites," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, January.
    6. José Alberto Martínez-González & Eduardo Parra-López & Almudena Barrientos-Báez, 2021. "Young Consumers’ Intention to Participate in the Sharing Economy: An Integrated Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-21, January.
    7. Waris, Idrees & Hameed, Irfan, 2019. "Using Extended Model of Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Purchase Intention of Energy Efficient Home Appliances in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 109612, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Aleciane da Silva Moreira Ferreira & Elisabeth Loiola & Sônia Maria Guedes Gondim & Cícero Roberto Pereira, 2022. "Effects of Entrepreneurial Competence and Planning Guidance on the Relation Between University Students’ Attitude and Entrepreneurial Intention," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 31(1), pages 7-29, March.
    9. Xiaojian Hu & Nan Wu & Nuo Chen, 2021. "Young People’s Behavioral Intentions towards Low-Carbon Travel: Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-15, February.
    10. Vladimir M. Cvetković & Giulia Roder & Adem Öcal & Paolo Tarolli & Slavoljub Dragićević, 2018. "The Role of Gender in Preparedness and Response Behaviors towards Flood Risk in Serbia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-21, December.
    11. Xiaoyun Zhang & Feng Dong, 2020. "Why Do Consumers Make Green Purchase Decisions? Insights from a Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-25, September.
    12. Shanmugavel, Nagarajan & Balakrishnan, Janarthanan, 2023. "Influence of pro-environmental behaviour towards behavioural intention of electric vehicles," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    13. Saari, Ulla A. & Damberg, Svenja & Frömbling, Lena & Ringle, Christian M., 2021. "Sustainable consumption behavior of Europeans: The influence of environmental knowledge and risk perception on environmental concern and behavioral intention," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    14. Düştegör, Dilek & Sultana, Nahid & Felemban, Noor & Al Qahtani, Deemah, 2018. "A smarter electricity grid for the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: Perceptions and policy implications," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 26-39.
    15. Ekaterina A. Shashina & Valentina V. Makarova & Denis V. Shcherbakov & Tatiana S. Isiutina-Fedotkova & Nadezhda N. Zabroda & Nina A. Ermakova & Anton Yu. Skopin & Oleg V. Mitrokhin, 2021. "Use of Respiratory Protection Devices by Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-12, May.
    16. Hao Dong & Yang Zhang & Tianqing Chen, 2023. "A Study on Farmers’ Participation in Environmental Protection in the Context of Rural Revitalization: The Moderating Role of Policy Environment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-13, January.
    17. Oladapo, Ibrahim Abiodun & Hamoudah, Manal Mohammed & Alam, Md. Mahmudul & Muda, Ruhaini & Olaopa, Olawale Rafiu, 2022. "Customers’ Perceptions of FinTech Adaptability in the Islamic Banking Sector: Comparative study on Malaysia and Saudi Arabia," OSF Preprints cwpnm, Center for Open Science.
    18. Emily Schulte & Fabian Scheller & Daniel Sloot & Thomas Bruckner, 2021. "A meta-analysis of residential PV adoption: the important role of perceived benefits, intentions and antecedents in solar energy acceptance," Papers 2112.12464, arXiv.org.
    19. Mohammad Naushad, 2018. "A study on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions among Saudi students," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 5(3), pages 600-617, March.
    20. Valentin, Alvin Patrick M. & Hechanova, Ma Regina M., 2023. "Addressing plastic pollution through green consumption: Predicting intentions to use menstrual cups in the Philippines," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:6167-:d:570375. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.