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A Successful (Yet Somewhat Untested) Case of Disaster Financing: Terrorism Insurance Under TRIA, 2002–2020

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  • Erwann Michel‐Kerjan
  • Howard Kunreuther

Abstract

The Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) established a public–private partnership between the U.S. federal government, private insurers, and all commercial enterprises operating on U.S. soil. Renewed and modified in January 2015 until December 2020, the TRIA program requires insurers to offer terrorism insurance to their commercial policyholders while providing insurers with free up‐front financial protection up to $100 billion against terrorist attacks in the United States. With the federal government providing a financial safety net, the private insurance sector can offer coverage against an uncertain risk that would otherwise be largely considered uninsurable, thus making terrorism insurance widely available and affordable. TRIA is a successful case of public–private disaster risk financing that has received bipartisan political support. Yet it remains untested for large losses and it is unclear how the market and policymakers will react should another large‐scale insured loss occur. TRIA also raises concerns about the indemnification of individual victims of a terrorist attack (in addition to workers’ compensation).

Suggested Citation

  • Erwann Michel‐Kerjan & Howard Kunreuther, 2018. "A Successful (Yet Somewhat Untested) Case of Disaster Financing: Terrorism Insurance Under TRIA, 2002–2020," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 21(1), pages 157-180, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:rmgtin:v:21:y:2018:i:1:p:157-180
    DOI: 10.1111/rmir.12094
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kunreuther, Howard & Hogarth, Robin & Meszaros, Jacqueline, 1993. "Insurer Ambiguity and Maarket Failure," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 71-87, August.
    2. Arnott, Richard J. & Greenwald, Bruce & Kanbur, Ravi & Nalebuff, Barry, 2003. "Joseph Stiglitz and Economics for an Imperfect World," Working Papers 127202, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    3. Erwann Michel-Kerjan & Paul Raschky & Howard Kunreuther, 2015. "Corporate Demand for Insurance: New Evidence From the U.S. Terrorism and Property Markets," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 82(3), pages 505-530, September.
    4. Cummins, J David & Lewis, Christopher M, 2003. "Catastrophic Events, Parameter Uncertainty and the Breakdown of Implicit Long-Term Contracting: The Case of Terrorism Insurance," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 26(2-3), pages 153-178, March-May.
    5. Howard Kunreuther & Erwann Michel-Kerjan, 2004. "Policy Watch: Challenges for Terrorism Risk Insurance in the United States," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(4), pages 201-214, Fall.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carolyn Kousky & Howard Kunreuther, 2018. "Risk Management Roles of the Public and Private Sector," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 21(1), pages 181-204, March.
    2. Patrick L. Brockett & Linda L. Golden & Stephan Zaparolli & Jack M. Lum, 2019. "Kidnap and ransom insurance: A strategically useful, often undiscussed, marketplace tool for international operations," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 22(4), pages 421-440, December.

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