Economic Institution Rankings at IDEAS

This file is part of IDEAS, which uses RePEc data

Top 5% Economic Institutions, as of December 2007

h, where author has written h papers that have each been cited at least h times. For institutions or regions, h, where h authors have an HIndex of h or more, ties resolved by number of citations needed to reach next h

Only authors registered with the RePEc Author Service are considered.
Only works listed on RePEc and claimed as theirs by registered authors are counted.
Number of abstract views in the past 12 months (January 2007-December 2007) on the various RePEc sites (IDEAS, EconPapers, Socionet, NEP). For details, see LogEc.
The score of each work is divided by the number of authors.
Authors are attributed equally and fully to each institution they claimed to be affiliated with.
Only institutions listed in EDIRC are counted.
Authors affiliated with subentities of institutions listed in EDIRC are also counted in the latter.
Subentities of ranked institutions do not increment the rank count and have their rank listed in parentheses

This ranking is based on 3524 institutions with 15131 registered authors.

Same ranking by individual authors or countries and states. All institution rankings. More rankings.

The data presented here is experimental. It is based on a limited sample of the research output in Economics and Finance. Only material catalogued in RePEc is considered. For any citation based criterion, only works that could be parsed by the CitEc project are considered. For any ranking of people, only those registered with the RePEc Author Service can be taken into account. And for rankings of institutions, only those listed in EDIRC and claimed as affiliation by the respective, registered authors can be measured. Thus, this list is by no means based on a complete sample. You can help making this more comprehensive by encouraging more publications to be listed (instructions) and more authors to register (form). For more details on the various rankings that are available as well for documentation, follow this link.

Rank	Institution	Location	Score	Authors
1	National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	837449.42	285
2	Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA)	Bonn, Germany	453942.09	364
3	Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)	London, United Kingdom	411217.51	238
4	Department of Economics, Harvard University	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	201472.08	41
5	CESifo	München, Germany	146857.23	95
6	World Bank Group	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	144693.05	125
7	London School of Economics (LSE), University of London	London, United Kingdom	123252.65	125
8	Department of Economics, Princeton University	Princeton, New Jersey (USA)	119674.43	39
9	International Monetary Fund (IMF)	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	114900.53	150
10	DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung)	Berlin, Germany	113749.03	107
11	Department of Economics, University of California-Berkeley	Berkeley, California (USA)	109839.1	31
12	Department of Economics, University of Chicago	Chicago, Illinois (USA)	95256.84	27
13	Department of Economics, Oxford University	Oxford, United Kingdom	93137.29	104
14	Hoover Institution on War Revolution & Peace, Stanford University	Palo Alto, California (USA)	87861.65	13
15	Department of Economics, New York University	New York City, New York (USA)	85683.44	38
16	Economics Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	84288.43	25
17	Graduate School of Business, University of Chicago	Chicago, Illinois (USA)	83387.52	35
18	Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	82211.86	34
19	Department of Economics, Boston College	Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts (USA)	81571.74	31
20	Department of Economics, School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University	New York City, New York (USA)	73920.53	32
21	Graduate School of Business, Columbia University	New York City, New York (USA)	69787.83	34
(21)	Economics Research, World Bank Group	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	66385.32	34
22	Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA)	64078.58	43
23	Federal Reserve Board (Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System)	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	59179.67	56
24	Universidad del CEMA	Buenos Aires, Argentina	58470.45	28
25	Paris-Jourdan Sciences Économiques (PSE), École Normale Supérieure	Paris, France	57988.2	54
(25)	Centre for Economic Performance (CEP), London School of Economics (LSE), University of London	London, United Kingdom	57693.13	39
26	Department of Economics, Boston University	Boston, Massachusetts (USA)	57115.83	41
27	Department of Economics, University of California-San Diego (UCSD)	La Jolla, California (USA)	56416.76	32
28	Economics Department, Yale University	New Haven, Connecticut (USA)	55625.47	25
(28)	Finance & Economics Department, Graduate School of Business, Columbia University	New York City, New York (USA)	55578.81	20
29	Centre for Household, Income, Labour and Demographic Economics (CHILD)	Torino, Italy	55393.86	50
30	Department of Economics, University of Connecticut	Storrs, Connecticut (USA)	54719.06	49
31	Department of Economics, Stanford University	Palo Alto, California (USA)	54519.17	28
32	Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University	New Haven, Connecticut (USA)	54048.82	14
33	Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen en Bedrijfskunde, Vrije Universiteit	Amsterdam, Netherlands	53428.64	49
34	Facultade de Ciencias Económicas e Empresariais, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela	Santiago de Compostela, Spain	51719.66	21
35	Department of Economics, University of Toronto	Toronto, Canada	50868.87	50
36	Harvard Business School, Harvard University	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	50696.65	18
37	Rimini Center for Economic Analysis (RCEA)	Rimini, Italy	50357.2	60
38	Toulouse School of Economics (TSE)	Toulouse, France	50028.21	63
(38)	Econometria, Facultade de Ciencias Económicas e Empresariais, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela	Santiago de Compostela, Spain	49747.49	13
39	Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis	St. Louis, Missouri (USA)	49314.94	31
40	Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde, Universiteit van Amsterdam	Amsterdam, Netherlands	48879.04	64
41	Tinbergen Instituut	Amsterdam, Netherlands	48730.12	47
42	Department of Economics, University of Warwick	Coventry, United Kingdom	47797.14	45
(42)	Economic Research, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis	St. Louis, Missouri (USA)	47757.44	28
43	Economics Department, Brown University	Providence, Rhode Island (USA)	47307.44	32
44	Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge	Cambridge, United Kingdom	46854.5	40
45	IESE Business School, Universidad de Navarra	Pamplona, Spain	46069.08	9
46	Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS)	London, United Kingdom	46038.51	36
47	Department of Economics, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA)	Los Angeles, California (USA)	44306.63	28
48	Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis	Minneapolis, Minnesota (USA)	44018.33	18
49	Stern School of Business, New York University	New York City, New York (USA)	42799.53	30
50	Graduate School of Business, Stanford University	Palo Alto, California (USA)	41315.57	19
51	Economics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison	Madison, Wisconsin (USA)	41028.43	20
52	Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco	San Francisco, California (USA)	40942.7	24
53	Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA)	40767.01	28
54	School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA), Columbia University	New York City, New York (USA)	40027.09	13
55	CentER for Economic Research, Universiteit van Tilburg (Katholieke Universiteit Brabant)	Tilburg, Netherlands	39716.96	75
56	Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University	Princeton, New Jersey (USA)	39611.35	11
57	European Central Bank	Frankfurt am Main, Germany	39560.1	78
58	Department of Economics, University College London, University of London	London, United Kingdom	39152.11	36
(58)	Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse School of Economics (TSE)	Toulouse, France	39146.15	23
59	Volkswirtschaftliche Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität	München, Germany	39052.72	28
(59)	Economics Department, London School of Economics (LSE), University of London	London, United Kingdom	39004.86	41
60	Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Économiques (OCDE)	Paris, France	37770.64	80
61	Walter A. Haas School of Business, University of California-Berkeley	Berkeley, California (USA)	37636.41	15
62	Banco de la Republica de Colombia	Bogotá, Colombia	37502.65	42
63	William Davidson Institute, University of Michigan	Ann Arbor, Michigan (USA)	37448.37	23
64	Department of Economics, Iowa State University	Ames, Iowa (USA)	36960.62	35
65	Faculty of Business and Economics, Monash University	Clayton, Australia	36745.75	47
66	Economics Department, Queen's University	Kingston, Canada	35862.93	42
67	Department of Economics, Washington University	St. Louis, Missouri (USA)	35713.68	17
68	Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen, Erasmus Universiteit	Rotterdam, Netherlands	35528.04	53
69	Brookings Institution	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	35071.11	11
70	Federal Reserve Bank of New York	New York City, New York (USA)	34987.4	36
71	Department of Economics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem	Jerusalem, Israel	34370.55	22
72	Department of Economics, Northwestern University	Evanston, Illinois (USA)	33454.86	21
73	Faculty of Economics and Commerce, University of Melbourne	Melbourne, Australia	33059.26	48
(73)	Economic Research, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco	San Francisco, California (USA)	32971.24	19
74	Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Analyse des Organisations (CIRANO)	Montréal, Canada	32418.78	27
75	Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research (IGIER), Università Commerciale Luigi Bocconi	Milano, Italy	32037.26	30
(75)	Research Department, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis	Minneapolis, Minnesota (USA)	32026.38	13
76	Max-Planck-Institut für Ökonomik, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft	Jena, Germany	31811.36	47
77	Economics Department, University of Michigan	Ann Arbor, Michigan (USA)	31775.59	30
78	Economics Department, Michigan State University	East Lansing, Michigan (USA)	31704.26	34
79	Laboratoire d'Économie et de Gestion (LEG), Université de Bourgogne	Dijon, France	31382.7	22
80	Department of Economics, Duke University	Durham, North Carolina (USA)	31324.91	26
81	Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Humboldt-Universität	Berlin, Germany	31207.08	66
82	Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakutät, Universität Zürich	Zürich, Switzerland	31128.35	30
83	Department of Economics, University of Minnesota	Minneapolis, Minnesota (USA)	31023.49	18
84	Department of Economics, Vanderbilt University	Nashville, Tennessee (USA)	30910.68	23
85	Department of Economics, University of Maryland	College Park, Maryland (USA)	30562.33	25
86	Department of Economics, University of British Columbia	Vancouver, Canada	30296.38	22
87	Centre d'Économie de la Sorbonne, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris I)	Paris, France	30179.49	100
88	Economics Department, University of California-Santa Cruz (UCSC)	Santa Cruz, California (USA)	29605.95	13
89	Departament d'Economia i Empresa, Universitat Pompeu Fabra	Barcelona, Spain	29422.82	43
(89)	Research Department, International Monetary Fund (IMF)	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	29313.55	29
90	United Nations University-Maastricht Economic Research Institute of Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT)	Maastricht, Netherlands	28238.36	36
91	Economics Department, University of California-Davis	Davis, California (USA)	28114.59	23
92	Departamento de Economía, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid	Madrid, Spain	28038.61	68
93	Department of Economics and Related Studies, University of York	York, United Kingdom	28037.58	24
94	Economics Group, Nuffield College, Oxford University	Oxford, United Kingdom	27731.23	24
(94)	Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Commerce, University of Melbourne	Melbourne, Australia	27199.18	36
95	College of Business and Economics, Australian National University	Canberra, Australia	26761.36	30
96	Department of Economics, European University Institute	Firenze, Italy	26668.55	41
97	Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER), University of Essex	Colchester, United Kingdom	26352.29	28
(97)	Center for International Development, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	25963.66	7
98	Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University	Evanston, Illinois (USA)	25744.63	28
99	Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR), Stanford University	Palo Alto, California (USA)	25679.66	6
100	Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	24616.83	18
101	Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen en Bedrijfskunde, Universiteit Maastricht	Maastricht, Netherlands	24576.38	39
(101)	Centro de Estudios de Organizaciones y Productividad (CEOP), Universidad del CEMA	Buenos Aires, Argentina	24260.26	2
102	Facoltà di Economia, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"	Roma, Italy	24210.23	41
103	Handelshögskolan i Stockholm	Stockholm, Sweden	24163.11	29
104	School of Economics, University of Nottingham	Nottingham, United Kingdom	23627.36	29
105	Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE), Université Catholique de Louvain	Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium	23321.35	37
106	Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario	London, Canada	22982.46	26
(106)	Finance Department, Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA)	22691.25	19
107	Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen, Universiteit van Tilburg (Katholieke Universiteit Brabant)	Tilburg, Netherlands	22627.03	44
108	Centro Studi di Economia e Finanza (CSEF)	Fisciano, Italy	22444.36	25
109	Department of Economics, University of Southern California	Los Angeles, California (USA)	22367.11	10
(109)	Institut für Empirische Wirtschaftsforschung, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakutät, Universität Zürich	Zürich, Switzerland	22230.94	11
(109)	Längschnittstudie Sozio-oekonomisches Panel (SOEP), DIW Berlin (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung)	Berlin, Germany	22185.17	23
110	Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen	Groningen, Netherlands	22139.69	32
111	Nationalekonomiska Institutionen, Uppsala Universitet	Uppsala, Sweden	21980.33	41
112	School of Economics, University of Queensland	Brisbane, Australia	21951.04	39
113	College of Business, Arizona State University	Tempe, Arizona (USA)	21946.08	14
114	Department of Economics, University of California-Irvine	Irvine, California (USA)	21811.66	15
115	Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung, Universität St. Gallen	Sankt Gallen, Switzerland	21765.23	32
116	Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts (CREMA)	Basel/Zürich, Switzerland	21691.56	6
117	Wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Fachbereich, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität	Bonn, Germany	21673.82	27
118	Department of Economics, University of California-Santa Barbara (UCSB)	Santa Barbara, California (USA)	21616.89	13
119	School of Management, Yale University	New Haven, Connecticut (USA)	21610.05	13
120	Department of Economics, Rutgers University-New Brunswick	New Brunswick, New Jersey (USA)	21592.61	15
(120)	Economics Department, Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Économiques (OCDE)	Paris, France	21567.88	40
121	Resources for the Future (RFF)	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	21519.71	27
122	Copenhagen Business School	København, Denmark	21303.75	17
(122)	Department of Economics, College of Business, Arizona State University	Tempe, Arizona (USA)	21088.24	12
123	Bank of Canada	Ottawa, Canada	21049.86	45
124	Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Aziendali e Statistiche, Università degli Studi di Milano	Milano, Italy	21034.63	60
125	Tepper School of Business Administration, Carnegie Mellon University	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (USA)	20996.9	13
(125)	Finance Unit, Harvard Business School, Harvard University	Cambridge, Massachusetts (USA)	20966.66	4
126	College of Business Administration, University of Illinois at Chicago	Chicago, Illinois (USA)	20904.8	25
127	European Centre for Advanced Research in Economics and Statistics (ECARES), Université Libre de Bruxelles	Bruxelles, Belgium	20800.98	31
128	Department of Economics, University of Colorado	Boulder, Colorado (USA)	20697.91	20
129	Statistisk Sentralbyrå, Government of Norway	Oslo, Norway	20545.22	21
130	Departament d'Economia i Història Econòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona	Barcelona, Spain	20501.94	22
131	Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche en Économie Quantitative (CIREQ)	Montréal, Canada	20459.59	17
(131)	Economics Department, Stern School of Business, New York University	New York City, New York (USA)	20387.01	13
(131)	Economic Studies, Brookings Institution	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	20164.7	5
(131)	Centre for the Study of African Economies (CSAE), Department of Economics, Oxford University	Oxford, United Kingdom	20155.72	19
132	School of Finance and Economics, University of Technology	Sydney, Australia	20111.88	26
133	Eitan Berglas School of Economics, Tel Aviv University	Tel Aviv, Israel	19780.98	12
134	Department of Economics, Cornell University	Ithaca, New York (USA)	19597.81	22
135	Department of Economics, Simon Fraser University	Burnaby, Canada	19589.33	27
136	Department of Economics, McMaster University	Hamilton, Canada	19558.51	34
137	Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna	Bologna, Italy	19450.3	46
138	Economics Department, University of Essex	Colchester, United Kingdom	19391.04	27
139	Economics Department, Dartmouth College	Hanover, New Hampshire (USA)	19373.58	11
(139)	Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE), Government of France	Paris, France	19309.14	28
140	Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE), Government of France	Paris, France	19309.14	28
141	Department of Economics, McGill University	Montréal, Canada	19240.25	26
142	Institutet för Näringslivsforskning (IFN)	Stockholm, Sweden	19169.03	19
143	Department of Economics, Graduate School, City University of New York	New York City, New York (USA)	19141.99	11
144	Sveriges Riksbank	Stockholm, Sweden	19127.2	20
145	Business School, University of Auckland	Auckland, New Zealand	19041.3	11
146	Department of Economics, Royal Holloway, University of London	Egham, United Kingdom	18925.95	28
(146)	Economic Analysis & Policy Group (EAP), Walter A. Haas School of Business, University of California-Berkeley	Berkeley, California (USA)	18921.68	6
147	Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Universität Hannover	Hannover, Germany	18835.91	34
(147)	Sonderforschungsbereich 649: Ökonomisches Risiko, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Humboldt-Universität	Berlin, Germany	18434.75	40
148	Institute for International Integration Studies (IIIS), Trinity College, University of Dublin	Dublin, Ireland	18328.33	18
(148)	Department of Economics, Business School, University of Auckland	Auckland, New Zealand	18159.51	9
(148)	Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis (CAMA), College of Business and Economics, Australian National University	Canberra, Australia	18136.39	19
149	Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et politiques (ESPO), Université Catholique de Louvain	Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium	18072.53	35
150	Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo	Tokyo, Japan	17985.26	17
151	Département de Sciences Économiques, Université de Montréal	Montréal, Canada	17911.33	16
152	Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago	Chicago, Illinois (USA)	17887.19	16
153	Department of Economics, Johns Hopkins University	Baltimore, Maryland (USA)	17829.41	10
154	Økonomisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo	Oslo, Norway	17751.08	19
155	Geary Institute, University College Dublin	Dublin, Ireland	17667.11	7
(155)	Department of Economics, College of Business Administration, University of Illinois at Chicago	Chicago, Illinois (USA)	17616.08	20
156	Waikato Management School, University of Waikato	Hamilton, New Zealand	17569.58	21
157	Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille (GREQAM)	Marseille, France	17564.71	30
158	Collegio Carlo Alberto	Moncalieri, Italy	17378.33	42
(158)	Vakgroep Algemene Economie, Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen en Bedrijfskunde, Universiteit Maastricht	Maastricht, Netherlands	17363.56	22
159	Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University	Atlanta, Georgia (USA)	17265.66	16
160	Økonomisk Institut, Københavns Universitet	København, Denmark	17199.95	24
161	Dipartimento di Economia "S. Cognetti de Martiis", Università degli Studi di Torino	Torino, Italy	17071.07	22
162	Centre Interuniversitaire sur le Risque, les Politiques Économiques et l'Emploi (CIRPÉE)	Montréal/Québec, Canada	17036.71	21
163	Department of Economics, Leicester University	Leicester, United Kingdom	16968.41	24
164	Département des sciences économiques, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)	Montréal, Canada	16909.78	31
(164)	Suntory and Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines (STICERD), London School of Economics (LSE), University of London	London, United Kingdom	16873.33	17
(164)	Research and Market Analysis Group, Federal Reserve Bank of New York	New York City, New York (USA)	16842.65	18
165	Anderson Graduate School of Management, University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA)	Los Angeles, California (USA)	16823.74	7
166	Faculteit Economische en toegepaste economische wetenschappen, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven	Leuven, Belgium	16797.36	54
167	Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre, Johannes-Kepler-Universität	Linz, Austria	16563.36	20
168	Cardiff Business School, Cardiff University	Cardiff, United Kingdom	16471.28	27
169	Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia	Vancouver, Canada	16445.43	16
(169)	Unitat de Fonaments de l'Anàlisi Econòmica, Departament d'Economia i Història Econòmica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona	Barcelona, Spain	16430.28	12
(169)	Finance Department, Stern School of Business, New York University	New York City, New York (USA)	16420.35	7
170	Department of Economics, University of Texas-Austin	Austin, Texas (USA)	16387.3	20
171	American Bar Foundation (ABF)	Chicago, Illinois (USA)	16336.5	2
172	Economics, University of Manchester	Manchester, United Kingdom	16257.4	22
(172)	Macroeconomics and Growth Research, World Bank Group	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	16233.5	3
(172)	Financial Institutions Center, Wharton School of Business, University of Pennsylvania	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA)	16170.3	7
173	Department of Economics, Carleton University	Ottawa, Canada	16072	20
174	Banca d'Italia	Roma, Italy	16069.43	56
(174)	Strategy and Business Economics Division, Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia	Vancouver, Canada	16018.43	13
175	School of Economics, Finance and Management, University of Bristol	Bristol, United Kingdom	15694.85	12
176	Economics Department, Georgetown University	Washington, District of Columbia (USA)	15536.99	24
177	Department of Economics, Tufts University	Medford, Massachusetts (USA)	15524.71	17
(177)	Financial Markets Group (FMG), London School of Economics (LSE), University of London	London, United Kingdom	15507.16	21
(177)	Institut de Recherche Économique et Sociale (IRES), Faculté des sciences économiques, sociales et politiques (ESPO), Université Catholique de Louvain	Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium	15385.24	28

Credits:

Citations from CitEc project by José Manuel Barrueco Cruz, University of Valencia, Spain. Hardware provided by Technical University of Valencia, Spain.
Abstract views and downloads statistics from LogEc project by Sune Karlsson, Örebro University, Sweden.
Author registration by Ivan Kumanov, Minsk, Belarus.
Institutions database and ranking computations by Christian Zimmermann, University of Connecticut.
RePEc has been initiated by Thomas Krichel, Long Island University.

We do our best, but we cannot exclude errors.