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Government Expenditures, Military Spending and Economic Growth: Causality Evidence from Egypt, Israel and Syria

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Cited by:

  1. Sheilla Nyasha & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2019. "Government Size and Economic Growth: A Review of International Literature," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(3), pages 21582440198, September.
  2. Abutu, Usman Ojonugwa & Agbede, Esther Abdul, 2015. "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Cointegration and Error Correction Modelling," MPRA Paper 69676, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 15 Aug 2015.
  3. Agnieszka Alińska & Beata Zofia Filipiak & Aneta Kosztowniak, 2018. "The Importance of the Public Sector in Sustainable Development in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-24, September.
  4. Nwaoha, William Chimee & Onwuka, Onwuka Okwara & Ejem,Chukwu Agwu, 2017. "Effect of Aggregated and Disaggregated Public Spending On the Nigerian Economy (1980-2015)," International Journal of Economics and Financial Research, Academic Research Publishing Group, vol. 3(4), pages 44-53, 04-2017.
  5. Ageli, Mohammed Moosa & Zaidan, Shatha Mousa, 2012. "Consequential Effects of Defence Expenditure on Economic Growth of Saudi Arabia: 1970-2012," MPRA Paper 46590, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  6. Ortiz, Cristian & Alvarado, Rafael & Salinas, Aldo, 2019. "The effect of military spending on output: New evidence at the global and country group levels using panel data cointegration techniques," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 402-414.
  7. Arvin, Mak B. & Pradhan, Rudra P. & Nair, Mahendhiran S., 2021. "Are there links between institutional quality, government expenditure, tax revenue and economic growth? Evidence from low-income and lower middle-income countries," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 468-489.
  8. Abu-Qarn, Aamer, 2010. "The Defense-growth nexus: An application for the Israeli-Arab conflict," MPRA Paper 22275, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2010.
  9. Manamperi, Nimantha, 2016. "Does military expenditure hinder economic growth? Evidence from Greece and Turkey," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 38(6), pages 1171-1193.
  10. Alptekin, Aynur & Levine, Paul, 2012. "Military expenditure and economic growth: A meta-analysis," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 636-650.
  11. Tiwari, Aviral & Shahbaz, Muhammad, 2011. "Does Defence Spending Stimulate Economic Growth in India?," MPRA Paper 30880, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 18 Apr 2011.
  12. Alimi, R. Santos, 2013. "Testing Augmented Wagner’s Law for Nigeria Based on Cointegration and Error-Correction Modelling Techniques," MPRA Paper 52319, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  13. Abu-Qarn Aamer S & Abu-Bader Suleiman, 2008. "Structural Breaks in Military Expenditures: Evidence for Egypt, Israel, Jordan and Syria," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 14(1), pages 1-25, April.
  14. Kollias, Christos & Manolas, George & Paleologou, Suzanna-Maria, 2004. "Defence expenditure and economic growth in the European Union: A causality analysis," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 26(5), pages 553-569, July.
  15. Ampah Isaac Kwesi & Kotosz Balázs, 2016. "Wagner versus Keynes: the causal nexus between Government Expenditures and Economic Growth: An Empirical study of Burkina Faso," Journal of Heterodox Economics, Sciendo, vol. 3(2), pages 74-101, December.
  16. Stephen Taiwo Onifade & Savaş Çevik & Savaş Erdoğan & Simplice Asongu & Festus Victor Bekun, 2020. "An empirical retrospect of the impacts of government expenditures on economic growth: new evidence from the Nigerian economy," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-13, December.
  17. Marc Audi & Amjad Ali, 2023. "Public Policy and Economic Misery Nexus: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing World," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 13(3), pages 56-73, May.
  18. Deng-Shan Wang & Yan Wang & Yifang Liu & Heng-fu Zou, 2009. "Optimal Military Spending, Trade and Stochastic Economic Growth," CEMA Working Papers 373, China Economics and Management Academy, Central University of Finance and Economics.
  19. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Leitão, Nuno Carlos & Uddin, Gazi Salah & Arouri, Mohamed & Teulon, Frédéric, 2013. "Should Portuguese economy invest in defense spending? A revisit," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 805-815.
  20. Isiaka Akande Raifu & Alarudeen Aminu, 2023. "The effect of military spending on economic growth in MENA: evidence from method of moments quantile regression," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-21, December.
  21. Marinheiro, Carlos Fonseca, 2008. "Ricardian equivalence, twin deficits, and the Feldstein-Horioka puzzle in Egypt," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 30(6), pages 1041-1056.
  22. Christos Kollias & Suzanna‐Maria Paleologou, 2010. "Growth, investment and military expenditure in the European Union‐15," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 37(2), pages 228-240, May.
  23. Ranjan Kumar Mohanty & Sidheswar Panda & Biswabhusan Bhuyan, 2020. "Does Defence Spending and its Composition Affect Economic Growth in India?," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 14(1), pages 62-85, February.
  24. Amine Lahiani & Ameni Mtibaa & Foued Gabsi, 2022. "Fiscal Consolidation, Social Sector Expenditures and Twin Deficit Hypothesis: Evidence from Emerging and Middle-Income Countries," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 64(4), pages 710-747, December.
  25. Giorgio d'Agostino & Luca Pieroni & J Paul Dunne, 2010. "Assessing the Effects of Military Expenditure on Growth," Working Papers 1012, Department of Accounting, Economics and Finance, Bristol Business School, University of the West of England, Bristol.
  26. Nicholas Odhiambo, 2015. "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in South Africa: an Empirical Investigation," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 43(3), pages 393-406, September.
  27. Themba G. Chirwa & Nicholas M. Odhiambo, 2019. "The nexus between key macroeconomic determinants and economic growth in Zambia: a dynamic multivariate Granger causality linkage," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 301-327, July.
  28. Bakirtas, Tahsin & Akpolat, Ahmet Gökçe, 2020. "The relationship between crude oil exports, crude oil prices and military expenditures in some OPEC countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
  29. Julide Yildirim & Selami Sezgin & Nadir Ocal, 2005. "Military Expenditure And Economic Growth In Middle Eastern Countries: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(4), pages 283-295.
  30. Korhan Gokmenoglu, 2013. "Re-Examination Of Wagner’S Law For Oecd Countries," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1, pages 28-37, February.
  31. E. Desli & A. Gkoulgkoutsika & C. Katrakilidis, 2017. "Investigating the Dynamic Interaction between Military Spending and Economic Growth," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(3), pages 511-526, August.
  32. Abu-Ghunmi, Diana & Corbet, Shaen & Larkin, Charles, 2020. "An international analysis of the economic cost for countries located in crisis zones," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
  33. John Michael, Riveros Gavilanes, 2019. "A Causality Analysis Of The Military Spending And Economic Growth: The Colombian Case Of 1960-2016," MPRA Paper 103255, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  34. Wen-Min Lu & Qian Long Kweh & Kang-Fu Chen, 2021. "How do peace dividends bring about human development and productivity?," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 306(1), pages 435-452, November.
  35. Paresh Kumar Narayan & Russell Smyth, 2007. "The Military Expenditure-External Debt Nexus: New Evidence From A Panel Of Middle Eastern Countries," Monash Economics Working Papers 17-07, Monash University, Department of Economics.
  36. Ndanshau, Michael O.A. & Mdadila, Kenneth, 2023. "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth Nexus in Tanzania," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 11(3), June.
  37. Samad Bashirli & Ilkin Sabiroglu, 2013. "Testing Wagner’s Law in an Oil-Exporting Economy: the Case of Azerbaijan," Transition Studies Review, Springer;Central Eastern European University Network (CEEUN), vol. 20(3), pages 295-307, November.
  38. Eman Elish & Hossam Eldien Ahmed & Mostafa E. AboElsoud, 2023. "Military spending crowding out health and education spending: which views are valid in Egypt?," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-9, December.
  39. Raaj Kishore Biswas & Enamul Kabir & Refat Bin Reza Rafi, 2019. "Investment in Research and Development Compared to Military Expenditure: Is Research Worthwhile?," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(7), pages 846-857, November.
  40. Duygu Yolcu Karadam & Nadir Öcal & Jülide Yildirim, 2023. "Distinct Asymmetric Effects of Military Spending on Economic Growth for Different Income Groups of Countries," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(4), pages 477-494, May.
  41. Hasnul, Al Gifari, 2015. "The effects of government expenditure on economic growth: the case of Malaysia," MPRA Paper 71254, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  42. Mahmoud Khalid Almsafir & Zurina Mohammad Morzuki, 2015. "The Relationship between Investment and Economic Growth in Malaysia," Journal of Empirical Economics, Research Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 4(2), pages 116-126.
  43. Magazzino, Cosimo, 2010. "Wagner's law and Italian disaggregated public spending: some empirical evidences," MPRA Paper 26662, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  44. Sebastian O. Uremadu* & Nwaeze Chinweoke, 2019. "Responsiveness of Economic Growth to Public Expenditure in Nigeria (1980 -2016): An Empirical Analysis," Sumerianz Journal of Business Management and Marketing, Sumerianz Publication, vol. 2(2), pages 19-31, 02-2019.
  45. Charles Shaaba Saba & Nicholas Ngepah, 2019. "A cross-regional analysis of military expenditure, state fragility and economic growth in Africa," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(6), pages 2885-2915, November.
  46. J. Paul Dunne & Ron Smith, 2010. "Military Expenditure And Granger Causality: A Critical Review," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(5-6), pages 427-441.
  47. Serkan K n & Serta Hopo lu & G rkan Bozma, 2016. "Conflict, Defense Spending and Economic Growth in the Middle East: A Panel Data Analysis," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 6(1), pages 80-86.
  48. Charles Shaaba Saba & Nicholas Ngepah, 2022. "Nexus between defence spending, economic growth and development: evidence from a disaggregated panel data analysis," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 55(1), pages 109-151, February.
  49. Riveros Gavilanes, John Michael, 2020. "Military Expenditure and Economic Growth: The South American Case," MPRA Paper 98508, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  50. Hany Abdel-Latif & Tapas Mishra, 2016. "Asymmetric Growth Impact of Social Policy: A Post-Shock Policy Scenario for Egypt," Working Papers 1035, Economic Research Forum, revised Aug 2016.
  51. Charles Shaaba Saba & Nicholas Ngepah, 2019. "Military expenditure and economic growth: evidence from a heterogeneous panel of African countries," Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(1), pages 3586-3606, January.
  52. Ayad Hicham, 2020. "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth Nexus in Mena Countries: Frequency Domain Spectral Causality Analysis," Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 34(1), pages 60-77, January.
  53. Kumar, Saten & Pacheco, Gail, 2012. "What determines the long run growth rate in Kenya?," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 705-718.
  54. Wu, Shih-Ying & Tang, Jenn-Hong & Lin, Eric S., 2010. "The impact of government expenditure on economic growth: How sensitive to the level of development?," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 804-817, November.
  55. Rati Ram, 2006. "Defense Expenditure and Economic Growth: Evidence from Cross-Country Panel Data," Chapters, in: Attiat F. Ott & Richard J. Cebula (ed.), The Elgar Companion to Public Economics, chapter 11, Edward Elgar Publishing.
  56. Mohamed Maher & Yanzhi Zhao, 2022. "Do Political Instability and Military Expenditure Undermine Economic Growth in Egypt? Evidence from the ARDL Approach," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(8), pages 956-979, November.
  57. Garfinkel, Michelle R. & Skaperdas, Stergios (ed.), 2012. "The Oxford Handbook of the Economics of Peace and Conflict," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780195392777.
  58. Cristian C. Popescu & Laura Diaconu (Maxim), 2021. "Government Spending and Economic Growth: A Cointegration Analysis on Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-16, June.
  59. Selçuk Çağrı ESENER & Evren İPEK, 2018. "The Impacts of Public Expenditure, Government Stability and Corruption on Per Capita Growth: An Empirical Investigation on Developing Countries," Sosyoekonomi Journal, Sosyoekonomi Society, issue 26(36).
  60. Cosimo Magazzino, 2010. "Wagner'S Law And Augmented Wagner'S Law In Eu-27. A Time-Series Analysis On Stationarity, Cointegration And Causality," Working Papers 0510, CREI Università degli Studi Roma Tre, revised 2010.
  61. Thabane, Kanono & Lebina, Sello, 2016. "Economic Growth and Government Spending Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Lesotho," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 4(1), January.
  62. Khalid ZAMAN & Qazi Shujaat MAHMOOD & Muhammad Mushtaq KHAN & Awais RASHID & Mehboob AHMAD, 2012. "An Empirical Investigation of External Debt - Military Expenditure Nexus in Bangladesh," Economia. Seria Management, Faculty of Management, Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 15(1), pages 173-188, June.
  63. Opasina, Olaolu & Owuru, Joel & Farayibi, Adesoji, 2016. "Examining the Fiscal Policy-Poverty Reduction Nexus in Nigeria," MPRA Paper 90950, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 27 Dec 2018.
  64. Ming-Yuan Leon Li, 2009. "Reexamining asymmetric effects of monetary and government spending policies on economic growth using quantile regression," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 43(1), pages 137-154, September.
  65. Owuru, Joel & FARAYIBI, Adesoji, 2016. "Examining the Fiscal Policy-Poverty Reduction Nexus in Nigeria," MPRA Paper 74184, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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  67. Aamir Aijaz Syed, 2021. "The Asymmetric Relationship Between Military Expenditure, Economic Growth and Industrial Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of India, China and Pakistan Via the NARDL Approach," Revista Finanzas y Politica Economica, Universidad Católica de Colombia, vol. 13(1), pages 77-97, March.
  68. Sylvia Uchenna Agu & Ifeoma Mary Okwo & Okelue David Ugwunta & Adeline Idike, 2015. "Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth in Nigeria," SAGE Open, , vol. 5(4), pages 21582440156, November.
  69. Muthi Samudram & Mahendhiran Nair & Santha Vaithilingam, 2009. "Keynes and Wagner on government expenditures and economic development: the case of a developing economy," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 36(3), pages 697-712, June.
  70. Sampson Agyapong Atuahene & Kong Yusheng & Geoffrey Bentum-Micah & Evans Garti & Alexender Baah, 2020. "Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in China," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 10(2), pages 3-16.
  71. Fiaz Hussain & Shahzad Hussain & Naila Erum, 2015. "Are Defense Expenditures Pro Poor or Anti Poor in Pakistan? An Empirical Investigation," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 54(4), pages 875-894.
  72. Hüseyin Şen & Ayşe Kaya & Ayşegül Durucan, 2023. "New insights into the growth-maximizing size of government: evidence and implications for Turkey," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(4), pages 2243-2296, August.
  73. Aamer Abu-qarn, 2010. "The Defence-Growth Nexus Revisited: Evidence From The Israeli-Arab Conflict," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(4), pages 291-300.
  74. King, Cheng & Du, Jane, 2018. "China’s first priority in post-war state building: A wealthy state, or a strong army?," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 851-872.
  75. Usman, Ojonugwa & Agbede, Esther Abdul, 2015. "Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Nigeria: A Cointegration and Error Correction Modeling," MPRA Paper 69814, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 01 Mar 2016.
  76. Chia-I Pan & Tsangyao Chang & Yemane Wolde-Rufael, 2015. "Military Spending and Economic Growth in the Middle East Countries: Bootstrap Panel Causality Test," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(4), pages 443-456, August.
  77. Lars Berger, 2019. "Democratic values and the microfoundations of Arab support for peace with Israel," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 36(3), pages 270-290, May.
  78. Obreja Brasoveanu, Laura, 2010. "The Impact of Defense Expenditure on Economic Growth," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(4), pages 148-167, December.
  79. Lingxiao WANG & Adelina DUMITRESCU PECULEA & Handuo XU, 2016. "The relationship between public expenditure and economic growth in Romania: Does it obey Wagner’s or Keynes’s Law?," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania - AGER, vol. 0(3(608), A), pages 41-52, Autumn.
  80. Yang, Heewon & Hong, Chanyoung & Jung, Sungmoon & Lee, Jeong-Dong, 2015. "Arms or butter: The economic effect of an increase in military expenditure," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 596-615.
  81. N. Deyshappriya, 2015. "Do corruption and peace affect economic growth? Evidences from the cross-country analysis," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 17(2), pages 135-147, October.
  82. Cosimo Magazzino, 2012. "The Nexus between Disaggregated Public Spending and GDP in the Euro Area," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 32(3), pages 2560-2579.
  83. Yusuf Shamsuddeen Nadabo & Suleiman Maigari Salisu, 2021. "Investigating the Expenditure-Economic Growth Nexus in Nigeria the Presence of Structural Breaks: A Nonlinear ARDL Cointegration Approach," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 5(09), pages 146-153, September.
  84. Paresh Kumar Narayan & Baljeet Singh, 2007. "Modelling The Relationship Between Defense Spending And Economic Growth For The Fiji Islands," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(4), pages 391-401.
  85. Dimitrios Karamanis, 2022. "Defence partnerships, military expenditure, investment, and economic growth: an analysis in PESCO countries," GreeSE – Hellenic Observatory Papers on Greece and Southeast Europe 173, Hellenic Observatory, LSE.
  86. Mohaned Al-Hamdi & Mohammad Alawin, 2017. "The Relationship Between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Some Middle Eastern Countries: What Is the Story?," Asian Social Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(1), pages 1-45, January.
  87. Lingxiao WANG & Adelina DUMITRESCU PECULEA & Handuo XU, 2016. "The relationship between public expenditure and economic growth in Romania: Does it obey Wagner’s or Keynes’s Law?," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania - AGER, vol. 0(3(608), A), pages 41-52, Autumn.
  88. Lerato Mothibi, 2019. "The impact of foreign debt and government debt on economic growth in South Africa," Proceedings of International Academic Conferences 9912015, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences.
  89. Magazzino, Cosimo, 2010. "Wagner's law and augmented Wagner's law in EU-27. A time-series analysis on stationarity, cointegration and causality," MPRA Paper 26668, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  90. Aamer S. Abu-Qarn, 2008. "Six decades of the Israeli-Arab conflict: An assessment of the economic aspects," Economics of Peace and Security Journal, EPS Publishing, vol. 3(2), pages 8-15, July.
  91. Pazouki, Azadeh & Zhu, Xiaoxian, 2022. "The dynamic impact among oil dependence volatility, the quality of political institutions, and government spending," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
  92. Michael A. Akume & Gylych Jelilov & Benedict Akanegbu, 2019. "The Impact of Military Spending on Economic Wellbeing in Nigeria," International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, Conscientia Beam, vol. 6(4), pages 186-200.
  93. Chien-Chiang Lee & Sheng-Tung Chen, 2007. "Do Defence Expenditures Spur Gdp? A Panel Analysis From Oecd And Non-Oecd Countries," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(3), pages 265-280.
  94. Muhammad Shahbaz & Talat Afza & Muhammad Shahbaz Shabbir, 2013. "Does Defence Spending Impede Economic Growth? Cointegration And Causality Analysis For Pakistan," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(2), pages 105-120, April.
  95. Bagchi, Aniruddha & Paul, Jomon A., 2018. "Youth unemployment and terrorism in the MENAP (Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan) region," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 9-20.
  96. Ahmad Jafari Samimi, 2011. "GDP and Economic Well-being: New Evidence from Selected Developed Countries," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 3(2), pages 63-67.
  97. Latif Wahid, 2009. "Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in the Middle East," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-0-230-25076-5.
  98. Abu-Ghunmi, Diana & Larkin, Charles, 2016. "The economic opportunity cost for countries located in crisis zones: Evidence from the Middle East," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 532-542.
  99. Hirnissa, M.T & Habibullah, M.S. & Baharom, A.H., 2008. "Military and Economic Growth in ASEAN-5 Countries," MPRA Paper 13108, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  100. Gbalam Peter Eze (Ph.D) & Tonye Richard Apiri, 2020. "Analysis of Inhibiting Intrigues of Budget Implementation and Economic Performance in Nigeria (1999-2018)," International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI), vol. 7(3), pages 35-43, March.
  101. Navarro-Galera, Andrés & Ortúzar Maturana, Rodrigo I., 2011. "Innovating in defence policy through spending efficiency: The Life Cycle Costing model," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 407-425, May.
  102. Dada James Temitope & Awoleye Emmanuel Olayemi & Arnaut Marina & Al-Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh, 2023. "Revisiting the Military Expenditure-Growth Nexus: Does Institutional Quality Moderate the Effect?," Peace Economics, Peace Science, and Public Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 29(1), pages 19-42, February.
  103. Nikopour, Hesam & Shah Habibullah, Muzafar, 2010. "Shadow Economy and Poverty," MPRA Paper 23599, University Library of Munich, Germany.
  104. Innocent.U. Duru & Millicent Adanne Eze & Bartholomew.O.N. Okafor & Abubakar Yusuf & Lawrence.O. Ede & Abubakar Sadiq Saleh, 2021. "Military Outlay and Economic Growth: The Scenarios of Lake Chad Basin Countries of the Republic of Chad and Nigeria," Growth, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 8(1), pages 12-26.
  105. Andr�s Navarro-Galera & Francisco Mu�oz-Leyva & Rodrigo Iv�n Ortúzar Maturana & Juan Lara Rubio, 2014. "Factors influencing the modernization of military-investment economic appraisal systems," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(6), pages 577-604, December.
  106. Duygu Yolcu Karadam & Jülide Yildirim & Nadir Öcal, 2017. "Military expenditure and economic growth in Middle Eastern countries and Turkey: a non-linear panel data approach," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(6), pages 719-730, November.
  107. Magazzino, Cosimo, 2012. "Wagner versus Keynes: Public spending and national income in Italy," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 890-905.
  108. Usman.A & Mobolaji H. I & Kilishi A.A & Yaru M. A & Yakubu, T. A, 2011. "Public Expenditure And Economic Growth In Nigeria," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 1(3), pages 104-113, September.
  109. Jiranyakul, Komain, 2007. "The Relation between Government Expenditures and Economic Growth in Thailand," MPRA Paper 46070, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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