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Typology of environment-related provisions in regional trade agreements

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  • Monteiro, José-Antonio

Abstract

The last 25 years have witnessed a rapid increase in regional trade agreements (RTAs). Although RTAs generally aim at lowering tariff and non-tariff trade barriers, an increasing number of trade agreements extend their scope to cover specific policy areas such as environmental protection and sustainable development. This paper establishes a comprehensive typology and quantitative analysis of environment-related provisions included in RTAs. The analysis covers all the RTAs currently into force that have been notified to the WTO between 1957 and May 2016, namely 270 trade agreements. While environmental exceptions, along with environmental cooperation continue to be the most common types of environment-related provisions, many other different types of provisions are incorporated in an increasing number of RTAs. The common feature of all environment-related provisions, including environmental exceptions, is their heterogeneity in terms of structure, language and scope.

Suggested Citation

  • Monteiro, José-Antonio, 2016. "Typology of environment-related provisions in regional trade agreements," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2016-13, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wtowps:ersd201613
    DOI: 10.30875/2963576b-en
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cristina Tébar Less & Joy A. Kim, 2008. "Checklist for Negotiators of Environmental Provisions in Regional Trade Agreements," OECD Trade and Environment Working Papers 2008/2, OECD Publishing.
    2. Chase, Claude & Yanovich, Alan & Crawford, Jo-Ann & Ugaz, Pamela, 2013. "Mapping of dispute settlement mechanisms in regional trade agreements: Innovative or variations on a theme?," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2013-07, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    3. Clive George, 2014. "Environment and Regional Trade Agreements: Emerging Trends and Policy Drivers," OECD Trade and Environment Working Papers 2014/2, OECD Publishing.
    4. Crawford, Jo-Ann & McKeagg, Jo & Tolstova, Julia, 2013. "Mapping of safeguard provisions in regional trade agreements," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2013-10, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    5. Valdés, Raymundo & Tavengwa, Runyowa, 2012. "Intellectual property provisions in regional trade agreements," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2012-21, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
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    Cited by:

    1. Abman,Ryan Michael & Lundberg,Clark Christopher & Ruta,Michele, 2021. "The Effectiveness of Environmental Provisions in Regional Trade Agreements," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9601, The World Bank.
    2. Monteiro, José-Antonio & Teh, Robert, 2017. "Provisions on electronic commerce in regional trade agreements," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2017-11, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    3. Monteiro, José-Antonio, 2018. "Gender-related provisions in regional trade agreements," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2018-15, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    4. Monteiro, José-Antonio, 2021. "Buena vista: Social corporate responsibility provisions in regional trade agreements," WTO Staff Working Papers ERSD-2021-11, World Trade Organization (WTO), Economic Research and Statistics Division.
    5. Lili Yan Ing & Ralf Peters & Olivier Cadot, 2019. "Regional Integration and NTM in ASEAN," Books, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA), number 2019-regional_integration, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Regional Trade Agreements; Environment; Sustainable Development;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment

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