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Agenda 2000: Ouvertüre oder Finale der Reformen im Zuge der EU-Osterweiterung?

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  • Stehn, Jürgen

Abstract

Der Ministerrat der Europäischen Union will Ende März auf seinem Gipfeltreffen in Berlin die Weichen endgültig in Richtung auf eine Osterweiterung der EU stellen. In der wissenschaftlichen und politischen Diskussion besteht weitgehend Einigkeit darüber, daß diese Erweiterung des Integrationsraums um Länder, die in ihrer wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung deutlich zurückliegen, nicht nur den potentiellen Neumitgliedern, sondern vor allem auch der EU erhebliche Reformanstrengungen abverlangt. In ihrer Agenda 2000 hat die EU-Kommission ein Reformprogramm für die EU skizziert, das sie im Zuge einer Vollmitgliedschaft Sloweniens, Estlands, Ungarns, Polens und der Tschechischen Republik für unumgänglich ansieht. Das erklärte Ziel der deutschen Ratspräsidentschaft ist es daher, die Grundlinien der Agenda 2000 möglichst rasch in konkrete Reformschritte umzusetzen. Diese dynamische politische Entwicklung hat – zumindest in der öffentlichen Diskussion – den Blick auf die Frage verstellt, ob die in der Agenda 2000 skizzierten Reformschritte in der Tat ausreichen, um eine erfolgreiche Integration der relativ jungen Marktwirtschaften im Osten Europas zu gewährleisten. Seit der Veröffentlichung der Agenda 2000 mehren sich die wissenschaftlichen Stimmen, die dieses Reformprogramm – zumindest in Teilen – für unzureichend halten.1 Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es daher zu analysieren, ob die Agenda 2000 das Finale oder lediglich die Ouvertüre zu Reformen im Zuge der EU-Osterweiterung darstellt. Zunächst werden die Reformzwänge in der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik und der Struktur- und Kohäsionspolitik der EU identifiziert und Reformvorschläge für diese Bereiche präsentiert (Abschnitt II). Anschließend wird der Reformbedarf innerhalb der EU-Institutionen skizziert. Der Schwerpunkt liegt hier auf einer Diskussion über die Effizienz der Entscheidungsmechanismen (Abschnitt III). Abschließend wird erörtert, inwieweit die Agenda 2000 dem identifizierten Reformbedarf gerecht wird (Abschnitt IV).

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  • Stehn, Jürgen, 1999. "Agenda 2000: Ouvertüre oder Finale der Reformen im Zuge der EU-Osterweiterung?," Kiel Discussion Papers 336, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkdp:336
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