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Das Kyoto Protokoll: Eine ökonomische Analyse unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der flexiblen Mechanismen

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  • Haensgen, Tineke

Abstract

In diesem Papier wird untersucht, ob bzw. wie sich im Rahmen des Kyoto Protokolls die globalen Emissionsreduktionsziele mit der ökonomischen Rationalität der beteiligten Länder in Einklang bringen lassen. Den äußeren Rahmen der Analyse bildet eine spieltheoretische Darstellung der Kooperationsprobleme souveräner Nationalstaaten im Bereich des internationalen Klimaschutzes. Im Mittelpunkt der ausführlichen wohlfahrtsökonomischen Analyse stehen die Funktionsweise und die Rolle der flexiblen Instrumente des Kyoto Protokolls, insbesondere des Emissionsrechtshandels und des Clean Development Mechanism. Die flexiblen Mechanismen stellen eine notwendige Bedingung für die Existenz des Abkommens dar. Sie verbessern die Kosteneffizienz der notwendigen Emissionsreduktionen und bieten daher Anreize für kooperatives Verhalten der Länder. Problematisch ist allerdings, dass die Koalitionäre nicht bereit sind, einen Teil ihres Effizienzgewinns zugunsten nicht-ökonomischer Ziele zu opfern. Ihr Streben nach kurzfristiger Kosteneffizienz führt zu einer sehr begrenzten ökologischen Effektivität des Kyoto Protokolls und verhindert eine zukünftige Erweiterung der Klimakoalition. Generell sind die Bestimmungen des Protokolls durchaus geeignet, vorteilhafte dynamische Rahmenbedingungen für einen weltweiten Lernprozess der Emissionsvermeidung zu schaffen. Eine nachhaltige Lösung des Klimaproblems kann jedoch nur durch eine erhöhte Zahlungsbereitschaft seitens der Industrie- und Transformationsländer erreicht werden.

Suggested Citation

  • Haensgen, Tineke, 2002. "Das Kyoto Protokoll: Eine ökonomische Analyse unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der flexiblen Mechanismen," BERG Working Paper Series 40, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bamber:40
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    1. Wenzel, Heinz-Dieter & Lackenbauer, Jörg & Brösamle, Klaus J., 2004. "Public Debt and the Future of the EU's Stability and Growth Pact," BERG Working Paper Series 50, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    2. Hopp, Stefan, 2004. "J.-B. Say's 1803 Treatise and the Coordination of Economic Activity," BERG Working Paper Series 47, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    3. Lena Dräger & Christian R. Proaño, 2015. "Cross-Border Banking and Business Cycles in Asymmetric Currency Unions," Macroeconomics and Finance Series 201501, University of Hamburg, Department of Socioeconomics.
    4. Gervai, Pál & Trautmann, László & Wieszt, Attila, 2010. "The mission and culture of the corporation," BERG Working Paper Series 74, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    5. Meyer, Dietmar & Shera, Adela, 2015. "Remittances' impact on the labor supply and on the deficit of current account," BERG Working Paper Series 97, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    6. Schmitt, Noemi & Westerhoff, Frank, 2018. "Evolutionary Competition And Profit Taxes: Market Stability Versus Tax Burden," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 22(8), pages 2007-2031, December.
    7. Carsten Eckel, 2009. "International Trade and Retailing," CESifo Working Paper Series 2597, CESifo.
    8. Noemi Schmitt & Frank Westerhoff, 2017. "Herding behaviour and volatility clustering in financial markets," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(8), pages 1187-1203, August.
    9. Alfarano Simone & Milakovic Mishael, 2012. "Identification of Interaction Effects in Survey Expectations: A Cautionary Note," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 16(4), pages 1-23, October.
    10. Bexheti, Abdulmenaf, 2010. "Anti-crisis measures in the republic of Macedonia and their effects: Are they sufficient?," BERG Working Paper Series 70, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    11. Franke, Reiner & Westerhoff, Frank, 2011. "Why a simple herding model may generate the stylized facts of daily returns: Explanation and estimation," BERG Working Paper Series 83, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    12. Schmitt, Noemi & Tuinstra, Jan & Westerhoff, Frank, 2017. "Side effects of nonlinear profit taxes in an evolutionary market entry model: Abrupt changes, coexisting attractors and hysteresis problems," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 15-38.
    13. Kächelein, Holger, 2003. "Fiscal competition on the local level: May commuting be a source of fiscal crises?," BERG Working Paper Series 45, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    14. Kächelein, Holger & Imami, Drini & Lami, Endrit, 2008. "A new view into political business cycles: Household expenditures in Albania," BERG Working Paper Series 60, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    15. Imami, Drini & Lami, Endrit & Kächelein, Holger, 2011. "Political cycles in income from privatization: The case of Albania," BERG Working Paper Series 77, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    16. Fatoke Dato, Mafaizath A., 2015. "Impact of income shock on children’s schooling and labor in a West African country," MPRA Paper 64317, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Szüle, Borbála, 2003. "Inside financial conglomerates: Effects in the Hungarian pension fund markets," BERG Working Paper Series 42, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    18. Franke, Reiner & Westerhoff, Frank, 2012. "Structural stochastic volatility in asset pricing dynamics: Estimation and model contest," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 1193-1211.
    19. Fatoke-Dato, Mafaïzath A., 2015. "Impact of an educational demand-and-supply policy on girls' education in West Africa: Heterogeneity in income, school environment and ethnicity," BERG Working Paper Series 101, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    20. Bexheti, Abdylmenaf & Mustafi, Besime, 2015. "Impact of public funding of education on economic growth in Macedonia," BERG Working Paper Series 98, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    21. Proaño, Christian R. & Lojak, Benjamin, 2015. "Debt stabilization and macroeconomic volatility in monetary unions under heterogeneous sovereign risk perceptions," BERG Working Paper Series 106, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    22. Kächelein, Holger, 2004. "Capital Tax Competition and Partial Cooperation : Welfare Enhancing or not?," BERG Working Paper Series 51, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.
    23. Seregi, János & Lelovics, Zsuzsanna & Balogh, László, 2012. "The social welfare function of forests in the light of the theory of public goods," BERG Working Paper Series 87, Bamberg University, Bamberg Economic Research Group.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    internationale Klimapolitik; Kooperation souveräner Nationalstaaten; Internalisierung externer Effekte; Emissionsrechtshandel; Clean Development Mechanism;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q25 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Water
    • D62 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Externalities
    • C7 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
    • H41 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Public Goods

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