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The role of expectations in the inflation process in the euro area

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Author Info
Maritta Paloviita (Bank of Finland)
Matti Virén (Bank of Finland)

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Abstract

This paper analyses the role of inflation expectations in the euro area. On one hand, the question is how inflation expectations affect both inflation and output, and, on the other hand, how inflation expectations reflect developments in these variables. The analyses make use of a simple VAR model of inflation, inflation expectations and the output gap that allows for an analysis of the dynamic interrelationship between these variables. This model is estimated on aggregate euro area data, pooled euro area country data and individual country data for the period 1979–2003. The empirical results give strong support for the idea that inflation expectations are the key ingredient of the inflationary process for the whole euro area and for most individual countries as well. Inflation expectations also have a significant negative impact on output. As for the determination of inflation expectations, it turns out that they are relatively persistent, almost as persistent as output. Even so, and especially in the medium term, inflation expectations adapt to developments in both output and (actual) inflation.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by EconWPA in its series Macroeconomics with number 0508031.

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Length: 37 pages
Date of creation: 31 Aug 2005
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Handle: RePEc:wpa:wuwpma:0508031

Note: Type of Document - pdf; pages: 37. published in Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 6/2005
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Related research
Keywords: inflation; expectations; monetary policy; Phillips curve;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Aggarwal, Raj & Mohanty, Sunil & Song, Frank, 1995. "Are Survey Forecasts of Macroeconomic Variables Rational?," Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 68(1), pages 99-119, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Cogley, Timothy & Nason, James M., 1995. "Effects of the Hodrick-Prescott filter on trend and difference stationary time series Implications for business cycle research," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 19(1-2), pages 253-278. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Tillmann, Peter, 2005. "The New Keynesian Phillips Curve in Europe : does it fit or does it fail?," Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies 2005,04, Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
  4. Gerlach, Stefan & Svensson, Lars E. O., 2003. "Money and inflation in the euro area: A case for monetary indicators?," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(8), pages 1649-1672, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Cogley, T. & Nason, J.M., 1992. "Effects of Hodrick-Prescott Filter on Trend and Difference Stationary Time Series : Implications for Business Cycle Research," UBC Departmental Archives 92-23, UBC Department of Economics.
  6. Paloviita, Maritta & Mayes, David, 2004. "The use of real-time information in Phillips curve relationships for the euro area," Discussion Paper Series 1: Economic Studies 2004,28, Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Centre. [Downloadable!]
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  7. Blanchard, Olivier Jean & Quah, Danny, 1989. "The Dynamic Effects of Aggregate Demand and Supply Disturbances," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 79(4), pages 655-73, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Magnus Forsells & Geoff Kenny, 2002. "The rationality of consumers' inflation expectations: survey-based evidence for the Euro area," Working Paper Series 163, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  9. Leo Bonato & Robert St. Clair & Rainer Winkelmann, 1999. "Survey expectations of monetary conditions in New Zealand: determinants and implications for the transmission of policy," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Discussion Paper Series G99/6, Reserve Bank of New Zealand. [Downloadable!]
  10. Andrew T. Levin & Fabio M. Natalucci & Jeremy M. Piger, 2004. "Explicit inflation objectives and macroeconomic outcomes," Working Paper Series 383, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  11. Klaus Adam & Mario Padula, 2003. "Inflation dynamics and subjective expectations in the United States," Working Paper Series 222, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Paloviita, Maritta, 2007. "Estimating a small DSGE model under rational and measured expectations: some comparisons," Research Discussion Papers 14/2007, Bank of Finland. [Downloadable!]
  2. Puhakka , Mikko, 2005. "The effects of aging population on the sustainability of fiscal policy," Research Discussion Papers 26/2005, Bank of Finland. [Downloadable!]
  3. Maria Demertzis & Nicola Viegi, 2008. "Inflation Targets as Focal Points," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 4(1), pages 55-87, March. [Downloadable!]
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