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Human Capital: Infrastructural and Superstructural Constraints to Economic Performance across U.S. Native American Reservations and Trust Lands

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Author Info
Voxi Heinrich S Amavilah (Glendale College & REEPS)

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Abstract

The current research emphasis on institutions as key determinants of economic performance, rather than on resources and resource productivity, has uncovered important questions for further research. For example, if institutions are central to economic performance, then what explains observed differences in performance across parts of one economy sharing similar institutions? What specific aspects of institutions are responsible for economic performance? This paper suggests that two broad aspects of institutions are involved - infrastructure and superstructure. The paper then applies a simple model to 50 U.S. reservation economies to assess how the two aspects affect income. The results show that resources and resource productivity are necessary but insufficient determinants of income in reservation economies. A key constraint is human capital; human capital is a serious limitation for two institutional reasons. First, infrastructures for fostering human capital (schools, hospitals, etc.) are either inadequate or inappropriate. Second, the local superstructure seems resistant to existing infrastructures that were supposed to enhance human capital formation. Since infrastructural and superstructural aspects of institutions are competitive rather than complementary, the Nelson- Phelps channel for transmitting external technology into USRATLs appears clogged up.

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Paper provided by EconWPA in its series GE, Growth, Math methods with number 0405001.

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Length: 36 pages
Date of creation: 04 May 2004
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Handle: RePEc:wpa:wuwpge:0405001

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Related research
Keywords: performance constraints; infrastructure; superstructure; institutions; human capital; Native American economies; reservation economies;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities and Races; Non-labor Discrimination
J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
R30 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics - - Production Analysis and Firm Location - - - General
R23 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population
R38 - Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics - - Production Analysis and Firm Location - - - Government Policies; Regulatory Policies
F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies
D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Capital and Total Factor Productivity; Capacity
C31 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
C53 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Forecasting and Other Model Applications
P47 - Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - Performance and Prospects
P47 - Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - Performance and Prospects
P17 - Economic Systems - - Capitalist Systems - - - Performance and Prospects
O15 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
O57 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries
O51 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - U.S.; Canada

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  1. Voxi Heinrich Amavilah, 2004. "Apparent Solow- and Solow-like Technological Residuals and the Economic Performance of U.S. Native American Economies," Development and Comp Systems 0406004, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
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