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Illegal Trade in South East Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Vladimir Gligorov

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

  • Mario Holzner

    (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw)

Abstract

Based on the theoretical foundations as described in Bhagwati (1974), illegal trade can be defined to consist of faked invoicing on the one hand and smuggling on the other hand. While in the first case at least one of the trading partner countries has recorded a trade flow either as an export or as an import, in the latter case no official customs data is available. Smuggling is bypassing legal trade channels altogether. Therefore it is difficult to estimate the full magnitude of illegal trade with the help of one single method. In this paper we rather tried to detect faked invoicing and smuggling in the Balkans separately. Therefore we first tried to measure illegal cross-border trade in South East Europe (SEE) in order to have at least some impressions about the magnitude of this phenomenon and second we analysed illegal trade from a more theoretical perspective and provided an overview of possible policy relevant aspects. The paper ends with some discussion on the impact of illegal trade on security and of some soft security instruments that could be used to address it.

Suggested Citation

  • Vladimir Gligorov & Mario Holzner, 2004. "Illegal Trade in South East Europe," wiiw Balkan Observatory Working Papers 61, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
  • Handle: RePEc:wii:bpaper:061
    as

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    File URL: https://wiiw.ac.at/illegal-trade-in-south-east-europe-dlp-3247.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gary S. Becker, 1974. "Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach," NBER Chapters, in: Essays in the Economics of Crime and Punishment, pages 1-54, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Laffont, Jean-Jacques, 1975. "Macroeconomic Constraints, Economic Efficiency and Ethics: An Introduction to Kantian Economics," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 42(168), pages 430-437, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. George Stubos & Ioannis Tsikripis, 2005. "Regional Integration Challenges in South East Europe: Banking Sector Trends," Working Papers 24, Bank of Greece.
    2. Olivier Lamotte, 2003. "Disintegration and trade in South-eastern Europe," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques j04031, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1).
    3. Rosanna Pittiglio & Filippo Reganati & Luca Toschi, 2017. "How to detect illegal waste shipments? The case of the international trade in polyethylene waste," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(4), pages 2625-2640.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Illegal Trade; Faked Invoicing; Smuggling; South East Europe;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F19 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Other
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements
    • P37 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Legal

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