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Mirage at the Bottom of the Pyramid

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Author Info
Aneel Karnani ()
Abstract

Poor people – at the bottom of the pyramid (BOP) – represent a very attractive market opportunity. The ‘BOP proposition’ argues that selling to the poor can simultaneously be profitable and help eradicate poverty. This is at best a harmless illusion and potentially a dangerous delusion. This paper shows that the BOP argument is riddled with fallacies, and proposes an alternative perspective on how the private sector can help alleviate poverty. Rather than focusing on the poor as consumers, we need to view the poor as producers. The only way to alleviate poverty is to raise the real income of the poor.

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Paper provided by William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan Stephen M. Ross Business School in its series William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series with number wp835.

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Date of creation: 01 Aug 2006
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Handle: RePEc:wdi:papers:2006-835

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Related research
Keywords: Poverty Bottom of the pyramid Selling to the poor social responsibility

Find related papers by JEL classification:
I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare and Poverty - - - General
M10 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Business Administration - - - General

This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Xavier Sala-i-Martin, 2006. "The World Distribution of Income: Falling Poverty and ... Convergence, Period," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 121(2), pages 351-397, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Ravallion, Martin, 2003. "The debate on globalization, poverty, and inequality : why measurement matters," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3038, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  3. Morduch, Jonathan, 2000. "The Microfinance Schism," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 617-629, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  4. Sharma, Manohar, 2000. "Microfinance," MP05 briefs 0, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). [Downloadable!]
  5. Arvind Virmani, 2006. "Poverty and Hunger in India: What is Needed to Eliminate Them," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 45(2), pages 241-259. [Downloadable!]
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This page was last updated on 2008-7-1.


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