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Whither Hungary and the European communities?

Author

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  • Tovias, Alfred*Laird, Sam

Abstract

Recent political changes in Eastern Europe will help to cement improving economic relations with the European Communities (EC). Hungary has little alternative but to seek to continue strengthing these ties. It faces important supply constraints and needs injections of fresh capital to help it gear up to seize market opportunities. In the past, Hungary has been somewhere near the bottom of the EC's pyramid of privileges as far as tariff and non-tariff barrier (NTB) treatment are concerned. Hungary has been examining the options of applying for EC membership, European Free Trade Association (EFTA) membership, and examining other forms of association such as those the EC has with a number of Mediterranean countries. From a simulation exercise, the authors conclude that membership of the EC could lead to an expansion of Hungarian exports to the Communities of some 48 percent, with meats, iron and steel, fruit and vegetables, textiles, and clothing being the main sectors to gain. This results from setting tariffs to zero and eliminating non-tariff barriers. If EC or EFTA membership is ruled out, Hungary must seek a closer relationship with the EC, encompassing agriculture as well as manufactures, and covering tariffs and non-tariff barriers.

Suggested Citation

  • Tovias, Alfred*Laird, Sam, 1991. "Whither Hungary and the European communities?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 584, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:584
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Erzan, Refik & Holmes, Christopher & Safadi, Raed, 1992. "How changes in the former CMEA area may affect international trade in manufactures," Policy Research Working Paper Series 973, The World Bank.
    2. Gács, János, 1994. "The Economic Interpenetration Between the EC and Eastern Europe: The Case of Hungary," MPRA Paper 60801, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Langhammer, Rolf J., 1993. "Die Auswirkungen der EG-Handelspolitik gegenüber Mittel- und Osteuropa," Open Access Publications from Kiel Institute for the World Economy 2025, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    4. Kaminski, Bartlomiej & DEC, 1994. "The significance of the"Europe agreements"for Central European industrial exports," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1314, The World Bank.

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