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Tariff retaliation versus financial compensation in the enforcement of international trade agreements

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Limao, Nuno
Saggi, Kamal

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Abstract

The authors analyze whether financial compensation is preferable to the current system of dispute settlement in the World Trade Organization that permits member countries to impose retaliatory tariffs in response to trade violations committed by other members. They show that monetary fines are more efficient than tariffs in terms of granting compensation to injured parties when there are violations in equilibrium. However, fines suffer from an enforcement problem since they must be paid by the violating country. If fines must ultimately be supported by the threat of retaliatory tariffs, they fail to yield a more cooperative outcome than the current system. The authors also consider the use of bonds as a means of settling disputes. If bonds can be posted with a third party, they do not have to be supported by retaliatory tariffs and can improve the negotiating position of countries that are too small to threaten tariff retaliation.

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Paper provided by The World Bank in its series Policy Research Working Paper Series with number 3873.

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Date of creation: 01 Apr 2006
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Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:3873

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Related research
Keywords: Free Trade; International Trade and Trade Rules; Contract Law; Tax Law; Economic Theory&Research;

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  2. Petros C. Mavroidis & Kyle Bagwell & Robert W. Staiger, 2004. "The case for tradable remedies in WTO dispute settlement," Discussion Papers 0405-05, Columbia University, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Kyle Bagwell & Petros C. Mavroidis & Robert W. Staiger, 2003. "The Case for Auctioning Countermeasures in the WTO," NBER Working Papers 9920, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Limao, Nuno, 2005. "Trade policy, cross-border externalities and lobbies: do linked agreements enforce more cooperative outcomes?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(1), pages 175-199, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Chad P. Bown, 2004. "On the Economic Success of GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 86(3), pages 811-823, 05. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Hoekman, Bernard & Saggi, Kamal, 2007. "Tariff bindings and bilateral cooperation on export cartels," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(1), pages 141-156, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Chad P. Bown, 2004. "Developing Countries as Plaintiffs and Defendants in GATT/WTO Trade Disputes," The World Economy, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(1), pages 59-80, 01. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. van Damme, Eric, 1989. "Renegotiation-proof equilibria in repeated prisoners' dilemma," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 206-217, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Farrell, Joseph & Maskin, Eric, 1989. "Renegotiation in repeated games," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 1(4), pages 327-360, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  10. Wilfred Ethier, 2004. "Intellectual Property Rights And Dispute Settlement In The World Trade Organization," Journal of International Economic Law, Oxford University Press, vol. 7(2), pages 449-457, June.
  11. Bagwell, K. & Staiger, R.W., 1988. "A Theory Of Managed Trade," Papers e-88-39, Stanford - Hoover Institution.
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  12. repec:att:wimass:1920314 is not listed on IDEAS
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