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Effects of primary, secondary, and tertiary education on economic growth : evidence from Guatemala

Author

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  • Loening, Josef L.

Abstract

Loening investigates the impact of human capital on economic growth in Guatemala during 1951-2002 using an error-correction methodology. The results show a better-educated labor force having a positive and significant impact on economic growth. Consistent with microeconomic studies for Guatemala, primary and secondary education are most important for productivity growth. These findings are robust while changing the conditioning set of the variables, controlling for data issues and endogeneity. Due to an environment of social and political conflict, however, total factor productivity has been slightly negative for the past decades, and there is evidence of a missing complementarily between the country's skills and its technology base. The author presents a growth-accounting framework which takes into account quality changes of physical capital, and differentiates by level of education. It shows that the human capital variables explain more than 50 percent of output growth. Of these, secondaryschooling is the predominant determinant of growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Loening, Josef L., 2005. "Effects of primary, secondary, and tertiary education on economic growth : evidence from Guatemala," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3610, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:3610
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Jorge Garza-Rodriguez & Natalia Almeida-Velasco & Susana Gonzalez-Morales & Alma P. Leal-Ornelas, 2020. "The Impact of Human Capital on Economic Growth: the Case of Mexico," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 11(2), pages 660-675, June.
    2. P Pegkas & C Tsamadias, 2016. "How important are foreign and domestic investments, exports and human capital for Greece's economic growth?," Economic Issues Journal Articles, Economic Issues, vol. 21(1), pages 23-45, March.
    3. Olawunmi Omitogun & Adenike M. Osoba & Sheriffdeen Adewale Tella, 2016. "An Interactive Effect of Human Capital Variables and Economic Growth in Nigeria," Acta Universitatis Danubius. OEconomica, Danubius University of Galati, issue 12(5), pages 108-119, OCTOBER.
    4. Yasemin OZERKEK, 2014. "The Effect of Labor Composition Index on Economic Development: Analysis of 18 countries for the period 1990-2010," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 14(2).
    5. Gazi Mainul Hassan & Arusha Cooray, 2013. "Effects of Male and Female Education on Economic Growth: Some Evidence from Asia Using the Extreme Bounds Analysis," Working Papers in Economics 13/10, University of Waikato.
    6. Daren, Conrad, 2007. "Education and Economic Growth: Is There a Link?," MPRA Paper 18176, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2009.
    7. Wetengere, Kitojo, 2016. "Impact of Higher Learning Institutions in Provision of Quality Socio-Economic Development in Tanzania," African Journal of Economic Review, African Journal of Economic Review, vol. 4(1), January.
    8. Dalibor Eterovic & Cassandra Sweet, 2011. "How Women and Illiterates Shaped Education Outcomes in 20th Century Latin America," Working Papers wp_007, Adolfo Ibáñez University, School of Government.
    9. Biswajit Maitra & Moutushi Chakraborty, 2021. "International trade, human capital and economic growth in Sri Lanka," International Journal of Economic Policy Studies, Springer, vol. 15(2), pages 405-426, September.
    10. Conrad, Daren, 2017. "Education's Contribution to Economic Growth," MPRA Paper 77365, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Alejos, Luis Alejandro, 2006. "La elección del sector laboral y los retornos a la educación en Guatemala [Labour Sector Choice and the Returns to Education in Guatemala]," MPRA Paper 42756, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Abiola John Asaleye & Kariena Strydom, 2022. "Assessing Productivity Channels of Human Capital in the Southern African Development Community: New Insights from Women’s Empowerment," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-15, November.
    13. Ehigiamusoe Ehigiamusoe, 2013. "Education, Economic Growth & Poverty Rate in Nigeria: Any Nexus?," Journal of Social and Development Sciences, AMH International, vol. 4(12), pages 544-553.
    14. Loening, J.L., 2005. "Estimating Human and Physical Capital Stocks in Data-Scarce Environments: A Methodological Note and Application to Guatemala," International Journal of Applied Econometrics and Quantitative Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 2(1), pages 84-114.
    15. Lee, Keun & Kim, Byung-Yeon, 2009. "Both Institutions and Policies Matter but Differently for Different Income Groups of Countries: Determinants of Long-Run Economic Growth Revisited," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 533-549, March.
    16. Karatheodoros Anastasios & Tsamadias Constantinos & Pegkas Panagiotis, 2019. "The effects of formal educations’ levels on regional economic growth in Greece over the period 1995–2012," Review of Regional Research: Jahrbuch für Regionalwissenschaft, Springer;Gesellschaft für Regionalforschung (GfR), vol. 39(1), pages 91-111, February.
    17. Tudose Mihaela Brindusa & Cadiş Mihaela Narciza, 2013. "The Role Of Education In The Economic Development," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 4, pages 85-92, August.
    18. Chun-Li Tsai & Ming-Cheng Hung & Kevin Harriott, 2010. "Human Capital Composition and Economic Growth," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 99(1), pages 41-59, October.
    19. Bahar Bayraktar-Sağlam, 2016. "The Stages of Human Capital and Economic Growth: Does the Direction of Causality Matter for the Rich and the Poor?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 127(1), pages 243-302, May.

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