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Ex-ante evaluation of conditional cash transfer programs: the case of bolsa escola

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Abstract

Cash transfers targeted to poor people, but conditional on some behavior on their part, such as school attendance or regular visits to health care facilities, are being adopted in a growing number of developing countries. Even where ex-post impact evaluations have been conducted, a number of policy-relevant counterfactual questions have remained unanswered. These are questions about the potential impact of changes in program design, such as benefit levels or the choice of the means-test, on both the current welfare and the behavioral response of household members. This paper proposes a method to simulate the effects of those alternative program designs on welfare and behavior, based on microeconometrically estimated models of household behavior. In an application to Brazil's recently introduced federal Bolsa Escola program, the authors find a surprisingly strong effect of the conditionality on school attendance, but a muted impact of the transfers on the reduction of current poverty and inequality levels

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Paper provided by The World Bank in its series Policy Research Working Paper Series with number 2916.

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Date of creation: 17 Oct 2002
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Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:2916

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Keywords: Environmental Economics&Policies Services&Transfers to Poor Poverty Monitoring&Analysis Public Health Promotion Scientific Research&Science Parks Youth and Governance Street Children Environmental Economics&Policies Poverty Assessment Poverty Monitoring&Analysis

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Chiappori, Pierre-Andre, 1992. "Collective Labor Supply and Welfare," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 100(3), pages 437-67, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Sonia Bhalotra, 2000. "Is Child Work Necessary?," Econometric Society World Congress 2000 Contributed Papers 0500, Econometric Society. [Downloadable!]
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  3. Francisco H. G. Ferreira & Peter Lanjouw & Marcelo Côrtes Neri, 2002. "A Robust Poverty Profile for Brazil Using Multiple Data Sources," Economics Working Papers (Ensaios Economicos da EPGE) 444, Graduate School of Economics, Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Kaushik Basu, 1999. "Child Labor: Cause, Consequence, and Cure, with Remarks on International Labor Standards," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 37(3), pages 1083-1119, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Browning, Martin & Francois Bourguignon & Pierre-Andre Chiappori & Valerie Lechene, 1994. "Income and Outcomes: A Structural Model of Intrahousehold Allocation," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 102(6), pages 1067-96, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Bourguignon, F. & Browning, M. & Chiappori, P. A., 1995. "The Collective Approach to Household Behaviour," DELTA Working Papers 95-04, DELTA (Ecole normale supérieure).
  7. Jean-Marie Baland & James A. Robinson, 2000. "Is Child Labor Inefficient?," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 108(4), pages 663-679, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Atkinson, A.B. & Bourguignon, F., 1990. "Tax-Benefit Models for Developing Countries: Lessons from Developed Countries," DELTA Working Papers 90-15, DELTA (Ecole normale supérieure).
  9. Gertler, Paul & Glewwe, Paul, 1990. "The willingness to pay for education in developing countries : Evidence from rural Peru," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 251-275, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Rosenzweig, Mark R & Evenson, Robert E, 1977. "Fertility, Schooling, and the Economic Contribution of Children in Rural India: An Econometric Analysis," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 45(5), pages 1065-79, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Elisabeth Sadoulet & Alain de Janvry, 2004. "Making Conditional Cash Transfer Programs More Efficient," Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series 989, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
  2. Britto, T.F. de, 2004. "Conditional cash transfers: why have they become so prominent in recent poverty reduction strategies in Latin America," Working Papers - General Series 390, Institute of Social Studies. [Downloadable!]
  3. Bussolo, Maurizio & Lay, Jann & van der Mensbrugghe, Dominique, 2006. "Structural change and poverty reduction in Brazil : the impact of the Doha Round," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3833, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  4. Marcelo Cortes Neri & Nanak Kakwani & Hyun H. Son, 2007. "Linkages Between Pro-Poor Growth And The Labor Market In Brazil," Anais do XXXV Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 35th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 096, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pósgraduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics]. [Downloadable!]
  5. Nanak Kakwani & Fabio Veras Soares & Hyun H. Son, 2005. "Conditional cash transfers in African countries," Working Papers 9, International Poverty Centre. [Downloadable!]
  6. Firouz Gahvari & Enlinson Mattos, 2007. "Conditional Cash Transfers, Public Provision of Private Goods, and Income Redistribution," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(1), pages 491-502, March.
  7. Nanak Kakwani & Marcelo Côrtes Neri & Hyun H. Son, 2006. "Linkages between Growth, Poverty and the Labour Market," Economics Working Papers (Ensaios Economicos da EPGE) 634, Graduate School of Economics, Getulio Vargas Foundation (Brazil). [Downloadable!]
  8. Elisabeth Sadoulet & Alain de Janvry, 2003. "Targeting and Calibrating Educational Grants for Greater Efficiency," Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series 985, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley. [Downloadable!]
  9. Amanda Glassman, Jessica Todd and Marie Gaarder & Jessica Todd, 2007. "Performance-Based Incentives for Health: Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean," Working Papers 120, Center for Global Development. [Downloadable!]
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