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Gender dimensions of pension reform in the Former Soviet Union

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Author Info
Castel, Paulette
Fox, Louise

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Abstract

The authors analyze the gender implications of pension reform in Kazakhstan, the Kygyz Republic, Latvia, and Moldova. The new systems deliberately penalize early retirement and reward longer careers, so that with no change in behavior or policy, women's pensions will be lower than men's on average. Still, the implicit financial returns for women remain higher on average than returns for men, because of women's longer life expectancy and because of redistributory minimum pensions. Overall, however, the net change in wealth resulting from the reforms will be larger on average for men than for women, because they will work longer and get a larger pension. Women's longerlife expectancy means that women can expect to spend the last years of their lives alone. If their pensions are too low because of their work histories, poverty among elderly women may increase.

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Paper provided by The World Bank in its series Policy Research Working Paper Series with number 2546.

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Date of creation: 28 Feb 2001
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Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:2546

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Burkhauser, Richard V & Warlick, Jennifer L, 1981. "Disentangling the Annuity from the Redistributive Aspects of Social Security in the United States," Review of Income and Wealth, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(4), pages 401-21, December.
  2. Rama, Martin & MacIsaac, Donna, 1999. "Earnings and Welfare after Downsizing: Central Bank Employees in Ecuador," World Bank Economic Review, Oxford University Press, vol. 13(1), pages 89-116, January.
  3. Fox, Louise, 1994. "Old age security in transitional economies," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1257, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  4. Lazreg, M., 1999. "Making the Transition Work for Women in Europe and Central Asia," World Bank - Discussion Papers 411, World Bank.
  5. Disney, Richard & Whitehouse, Edward, 1999. "Pension plans and retirement incentives," MPRA Paper 14755, University Library of Munich, Germany. [Downloadable!]
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  1. John B. Williamson, 2004. "Assessing The Notional Defined Contribution Model," Issues in Brief ib2004-24, Center for Retirement Research, revised Oct 2004. [Downloadable!]
  2. John B. Williamson & Matthew Williams, 2004. "The Notional Defined Contribution Model: An Assessment Of The Strengths And Limitations Of A New Approach To The Provision Of Old Age Security," Working Papers, Center for Retirement Research at Boston College 2003-18, Center for Retirement Research. [Downloadable!]
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