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Empirical Evidence on Human Capital Externalities

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The focus of the paper is on the extent to which human capital formation (specifically, post-secondary education and training) benefits society in general, and productivity growth in particular, over and above its benefit to the individual. The paper provides a comprehensive review of the economic literature in this area and concludes that a very rough estimate of the benefit to society of investment in post-secondary education and training is in the range of 6 to 8 percent. This is in addition to the private rate of return of about 8 percent. The existence of this societal benefit (externality) justifies government assistance to post-secondary education and training. A possible extension of this work would be to attempt to determine if current assistance levels are consistent with the estimated level of the externality. Ce document porte principalement sur le degré auquel la formation du capital humain (plus particulièrement l’enseignement post-secondaire et la formation) bénéficie à la société en général et accroît la productivité, en plus du simple avantage qu’en tire l’individu. Le document offre un examen exhaustif de la littérature économique publiée à ce propos et conclut que la société bénéficie des investissements dans l’enseignement post-secondaire et la formation dans une proportion approximative de 6 à 8 p. 100. Et ce, en plus du taux de rendement individuel d’environ 8 p. 100. L’existence de bénéfices sociétaux (externalité) justifie l’aide du gouvernement à l’enseignement post-secondaire et à la formation. Une suite possible à ces travaux serait d’essayer de déterminer si les niveaux d’aide actuels sont conformes au niveau estimé d’externalité.
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  • Jim Davies, 2003. "Empirical Evidence on Human Capital Externalities," University of Western Ontario, Economic Policy Research Institute Working Papers 20035, University of Western Ontario, Economic Policy Research Institute.
  • Handle: RePEc:uwo:epuwoc:20035
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    1. Growiec, Jakub, 2010. "Human Capital, Aggregation, And Growth," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(2), pages 189-211, April.
    2. Michael Landesmann & Sebastian Leitner & Robert Stehrer & Terry Ward, 2009. "Skills and Industrial Competitiveness," wiiw Research Reports 356, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw.
    3. Kirk A. Collins & James B. Davies, 2002. "Measuring Effective Tax Rates on Human Capital: The Canadian Case," University of Western Ontario, Economic Policy Research Institute Working Papers 20025, University of Western Ontario, Economic Policy Research Institute.
    4. Antonio Estache & Jean-François Perrault & Luc Savard, 2007. "Impact of Infrastructure Spending in Mali: A CGE modeling approach," Cahiers de recherche 07-24, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.
    5. Hunt, Gary L. & Mueller, Richard E., 2010. "Returns to Skill, Tax Policy, and North American Migration by Skill Level: Canada and the United States 1995 - 2001," CLSSRN working papers clsrn_admin-2010-11, Vancouver School of Economics, revised 26 Mar 2010.
    6. Fátima Diniz & Elias Soukiazis, 2015. "Economies to Scale and the Importance of Human Capital in the Moulds Industry in Portugal: A Micro Panel Data Approach," GEMF Working Papers 2015-11, GEMF, Faculty of Economics, University of Coimbra.
    7. John Gibson & David McKenzie, 2012. "The Economic Consequences of ‘Brain Drain’ of the Best and Brightest: Microeconomic Evidence from Five Countries," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 122(560), pages 339-375, May.
    8. Growiec, Katarzyna & Growiec, Jakub, 2014. "Social Capital, Trust, And Multiple Equilibria In Economic Performance," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(2), pages 282-315, March.
    9. Seung Mo Choi, 2008. "How Large are Learning Externalities? Measurement by Calibration," Working Papers 2008-26, School of Economic Sciences, Washington State University.
    10. Aidan R. Vining & David L. Weimer, 2013. "An assessment of important issues concerning the application of benefit–cost analysis to social policy," Chapters, in: Scott O. Farrow & Richard Zerbe, Jr. (ed.), Principles and Standards for Benefit–Cost Analysis, chapter 1, pages 25-62, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    11. Giuseppe C.Ruggeri, 2009. "Regional Fiscal Flows: Measurement Tools," Working Papers 2009/4, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    12. Antonio Estache & Jean-François Perrault & Luc Savard, 2008. "Impact Of Infrastructure Spending In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cge Modeling Approach," Cahiers de recherche 08-03, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.
    13. Kubin, Ingrid & Zörner, Thomas O., 2021. "Credit cycles, human capital and the distribution of income," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 954-975.
    14. Teguh Yudo Wicaksono & Deni Friawan, 2008. "Recent Developments of Higher Education in Indonesia : Issues and Challenges," EABER Working Papers 21949, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    15. Giuseppe C.Ruggeri, 2009. "Regional Fiscal Flows: Measurement Tools," Working Papers 2009/4, Institut d'Economia de Barcelona (IEB).
    16. Konstantinos Angelopoulos & Jim Malley & Apostolis Philippopoulos, 2007. "Public Education Expenditure, Growth and Welfare," Working Papers 2007_09, Business School - Economics, University of Glasgow.
    17. Daniel F. Heuermann, 2009. "Career Networks and Job Matching - Evidence on the Microeconomic Foundations of Human Capital Externalities," IAAEG Discussion Papers until 2011 200901, Institute of Labour Law and Industrial Relations in the European Union (IAAEU).

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