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Ottimizzazione versus Razionalità Procedurale: un'analisi del dibattito sulla natura della scelta razionale in economia

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Cerulli Giovanni

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Abstract

In questo saggio viene dapprima affrontata l'evoluzione teorica e gli sforzi sperimentali che hanno portato all'affermazione della razionalità procedurale di Herbert A. Simon e dei comportamentisti. Successivamente viene ricostruito il dibattito tra sostenitori dell' approccio "ottimizzazione"e sostenitori dell' approccio "razionalità limitata/procedurale" . Ripercorrendo criticamente questo dibattito ci domandiamo: fino a che punto è possibile attribuire ad una delle due teorie una maggiore legittimazione a descrivere correttamente il comportamento degli agenti economici? Se sul piano analitico l'approccio "relativistico" di Boland e quello "riduzioni sta" di Becker e Stigler mostrano che una comparazione (seppur non priva di problemi) è possibile, su quello metodologico, è argomentato, la risposta rimane ambigua. E' allora necessario collocare metodologicamente i due approcci. A tal fine viene fatto osservare che mentre Simon e i comportamentisti giustificano e legittimano il principio di razionalità limitata/procedurale sulla base della sua "aderenza alla realtà" (accountability to reality o realisticness), Boland, Becker e Stigler difendono quello d'ottimizzazione sulla base della sua non-falsificabilità ex-post ovvero, in ultima analisi, delle sue "performance predittive" (accountability to data). Si suggerisce in tal senso che è nel conflitto tra strumentalismo e realismo che dovrebbe essere ricercata l'inconciliabilità dei due approcci e, di rimando, una solida difesa da ogni tentativo meramente "riduzionista" del contenuto innovativo della teoria simoniana.

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Paper provided by University of Turin in its series CESMEP Working Papers with number 200501.

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Length: 27 pages
Date of creation: 15 Mar 2005
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Handle: RePEc:uto:cesmep:200501

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  8. Sarah Lichtenstein & Paul Slovic, 1973. "Response-Induced Reversals of Preference in Gambling: An Extended Replication in Las Vegas," Framed Field Experiments 0036, The Field Experiments Website.
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