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Air Pollution and Per Capita Income: A Disaggregation of the Effects of Scale, Sectoral Composition, and Technological Change

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  • Rachel A. Bouvier

Abstract

During the last decade, researchers have investigated the relationship between per capita income and environmental quality. This paper disaggregates the relationship between per capita income and emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and volatile organic compounds into scale, composition and technology effects, using data from European and North American countries from the period 1980-1986. Results indicate that the scale effect outweighs the composition and technology effects in the cases of carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds, while the opposite is true in the cases of carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. The results also suggest that greater democracy is associated with lower emissions of all four pollutants.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel A. Bouvier, 2004. "Air Pollution and Per Capita Income: A Disaggregation of the Effects of Scale, Sectoral Composition, and Technological Change," Working Papers wp84, Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
    • Handle: RePEc:uma:periwp:wp84
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. César Lenin Navarro-Chávez & Francisco Javier Ayvar-Campos & Celeste Camacho-Cortez, 2023. "Tourism, Economic Growth, and Environmental Pollution in APEC Economies, 1995–2020: An Econometric Analysis of the Kuznets Hypothesis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Gentian Qejvanaj, 2021. "New Trends in Sustainable Environmental Governance in Mainland China. The Zhejiang Case," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, June.
    4. Sweety Pandey & Mrutyunjaya Mishra, 2021. "Investigating Environmental Kuznets Curve: A Panel Data Analysis for India," Review of Development and Change, , vol. 26(2), pages 137-152, December.
    5. Andrew Adewale Alola & Seyi Saint Akadiri & Ojonugwa Usman, 2021. "Domestic material consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in the EU‐28 countries: Implications for environmental sustainability targets," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 388-397, March.
    6. Maryia Hnatyshyn, 2016. "Decomposition of carbon dioxide and sulphur oxides emissions intensity change in the European Union," Ekonomia journal, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, vol. 44.
    7. Kaika, Dimitra & Zervas, Efthimios, 2013. "The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory—Part A: Concept, causes and the CO2 emissions case," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 1392-1402.
    8. Sabrina Auci & Giovanni Trovato, 2018. "The environmental Kuznets curve within European countries and sectors: greenhouse emission, production function and technology," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 35(3), pages 895-915, December.

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    Keywords

    Environmental Kuznets curve; emissions; carbon monoxide; carbon dioxide; sulfur dioxide; volatile organic compounds;
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