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Choix d’activité des mères et garde des jeunes enfants : une comparaison entre les pays de l’Europe des Quinze à partir des données de l’ECHP

Author

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  • Sabine Chaupain-Guillot
  • Olivier Guillot
  • Eliane Jankeliowitch-Laval

Abstract

À partir des données de la vague 7 (2000) de l’European Community Household Panel (ECHP), cet article s’intéresse aux choix d’activité des mères en Europe et à leur décision, lorsqu’elles ont de jeunes enfants à charge, de recourir ou non aux services de garde. L’étude porte sur l’ensemble des États membres de l’UE-15. Après un bref survol des politiques de conciliation entre vie familiale et vie professionnelle mises en oeuvre dans les pays européens et l’exposé de différents résultats descriptifs, les comportements des mères, dans chacun de ces pays, sont analysés à l’aide de deux modèles Logit polytomiques (non ordonnés). Le premier modèle se focalise sur la décision d’offre de travail (une distinction étant introduite entre activité à temps partiel et activité à temps complet). Dans le second modèle, on oppose les trois situations suivantes : (1) non-emploi ; (2) emploi et garde intra-ménage ou non rémunérée ; (3) emploi et garde rémunérée. Les résultats des estimations montrent que l’ampleur des effets des principaux facteurs pris en compte (taux de salaire, niveau de rémunération du conjoint, nombre d’enfants à charge et âge du plus jeune enfant) varie assez fortement selon les pays. S’agissant de l’impact de la présence d’un enfant de moins de 3 ans sur la probabilité d’emploi des mères, les différences observées semblent pouvoir s’expliquer en partie par les caractéristiques des dispositifs de conciliation entre vie familiale et vie professionnelle.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabine Chaupain-Guillot & Olivier Guillot & Eliane Jankeliowitch-Laval, 2008. "Choix d’activité des mères et garde des jeunes enfants : une comparaison entre les pays de l’Europe des Quinze à partir des données de l’ECHP," Working Papers of BETA 2008-03, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
  • Handle: RePEc:ulp:sbbeta:2008-03
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    File URL: http://beta.u-strasbg.fr/WP/2008/2008-03.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mathilde Guergoat-Larivière & Christine Erhel, 2010. "Labour market status, transitions and gender: a European perspective," Working Papers halshs-00484577, HAL.
    2. Christine Erhel & Mathilde Guergoat-Larivière, 2010. "Labour Market Status, Transitions and Gender: a European Perspective," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-00616799, HAL.
    3. Christine Erhel & Mathilde Guergoat-Larivière, 2010. "Labour Market Status, Transitions and Gender: a European Perspective," Post-Print hal-00616799, HAL.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    activité féminine; travail à temps partiel; garde des jeunes enfants; Union européenne.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth

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