IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ucb/calbrf/rpf-261.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Optimal Asset Rebalancing in the Presence of Transactions Costs

Author

Listed:
  • Hayne Leland.

Abstract

We examine the optimal trading strategy for an investment fund which wishes to maintain two assets in fixed proportions, e.g. 60/40 in stocks and bonds. Transactions costs are assumed to be proportional to the amount of each asset traded. We show that the optimal policy involves a band about the target stock proportion. As long as the actual stock/bond ratio remains inside this band, no trading should occur. If the ratio goes outside the band, trading should be undertaken to move the ratio to the nearest edge of the band. We compute the optimal band and resulting annual turnover and tracking error of the optimal policy, as a function of transactions costs, asset volatility, the target asset mix, and other parameters. We show how changes in transactions costs and other parameters affect the size of the no-trade band, turnover, and tracking error. Compared to a quarterly rebalancing strategy an example demonstrates that the optimal strategy can reduce turnover by almost 50 percent.
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • Hayne Leland., 1996. "Optimal Asset Rebalancing in the Presence of Transactions Costs," Research Program in Finance Working Papers RPF-261, University of California at Berkeley.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucb:calbrf:rpf-261
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://econwpa.wustl.edu/eprints/fin/papers/9610/9610004.abs
    File Function: link to document
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leland, Hayne E, 1985. "Option Pricing and Replication with Transactions Costs," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 40(5), pages 1283-1301, December.
    2. George M. Constantinides, 2005. "Capital Market Equilibrium with Transaction Costs," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 7, pages 207-227, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    3. Dumas, Bernard, 1991. "Super contact and related optimality conditions," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 15(4), pages 675-685, October.
    4. Dumas, Bernard & Luciano, Elisa, 1991. "An Exact Solution to a Dynamic Portfolio Choice Problem under Transactions Costs," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(2), pages 577-595, June.
    5. Hayne Leland and Gregory Connor., 1995. "Optimal Cash Management for Investment Funds," Research Program in Finance Working Papers RPF-244, University of California at Berkeley.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Samuel Kyle Jones & Joe Bert Stine, 2010. "Expected utility and the non-normal returns of common portfolio rebalancing strategies," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(6), pages 406-419, February.
    2. Gandolfi, G. & Sabatini, A. & Rossolini, M., 2007. "PID feedback controller used as a tactical asset allocation technique: The G.A.M. model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 383(1), pages 71-78.
    3. Hiroatsu Tanaka & Naohiko Baba, 2003. "Optimal Timing in Trading Japanese Equity Mutual Funds: Theory and Evidence," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 03-E-2, Bank of Japan.
    4. Andrew Ang & Morten Sorensen, 2012. "Risks, Returns, and Optimal Holdings of Private Equity: A Survey of Existing Approaches," Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 2(03), pages 1-27.
    5. Hibiki Norio & Yamamoto Rei, 2014. "Optimal Symmetric No-Trade Ranges in Asset Rebalancing Strategy with Transaction Costs," Asia-Pacific Journal of Risk and Insurance, De Gruyter, vol. 8(2), pages 1-35, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Monoyios, Michael, 2004. "Option pricing with transaction costs using a Markov chain approximation," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 28(5), pages 889-913, February.
    2. Lim, Terence & Lo, Andrew W. & Merton, Robert C. & Scholes, Myron S., 2006. "The Derivatives Sourcebook," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 1(5–6), pages 365-572, April.
    3. Suresh M. Sundaresan, 2000. "Continuous‐Time Methods in Finance: A Review and an Assessment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(4), pages 1569-1622, August.
    4. Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Max Reppen & H. Mete Soner, 2016. "A Primer on Portfolio Choice with Small Transaction Costs," Papers 1612.01302, arXiv.org, revised May 2017.
    5. Perrakis, Stylianos & Lefoll, Jean, 2000. "Option pricing and replication with transaction costs and dividends," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 24(11-12), pages 1527-1561, October.
    6. Arjmandi, Nabi, 2023. "Optimal Portfolio Rebalancing with Sweep Under Transaction Cost," MPRA Paper 117162, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Ren Liu, 2012. "Portfolio Selection with Small Transaction Costs and Binding Portfolio Constraints," Papers 1205.4588, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2013.
    8. Clewlow, Les & Hodges, Stewart, 1997. "Optimal delta-hedging under transactions costs," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 21(8-9), pages 1353-1376, June.
    9. Bertsimas, Dimitris & Lo, Andrew W., 1998. "Optimal control of execution costs," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 1(1), pages 1-50, April.
    10. Giovanni W. Puopolo, 2015. "Portfolio Selection with Transaction Costs and Default Risk," CSEF Working Papers 414, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    11. Paolo Guasoni & Johannes Muhle-Karbe, 2012. "Portfolio Choice with Transaction Costs: a User's Guide," Papers 1207.7330, arXiv.org.
    12. Stefan Gerhold & Paolo Guasoni & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Walter Schachermayer, 2014. "Transaction costs, trading volume, and the liquidity premium," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 1-37, January.
    13. Erindi Allaj, 2013. "Implicit transaction costs and the fundamental theorems of asset pricing," Papers 1310.1882, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2017.
    14. Erindi Allaj, 2017. "Implicit Transaction Costs And The Fundamental Theorems Of Asset Pricing," International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance (IJTAF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(04), pages 1-39, June.
    15. Hiroatsu Tanaka & Naohiko Baba, 2003. "Optimal Timing in Trading Japanese Equity Mutual Funds: Theory and Evidence," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 03-E-2, Bank of Japan.
    16. Stefan Gerhold & Paolo Guasoni & Johannes Muhle-Karbe & Walter Schachermayer, 2011. "Transaction Costs, Trading Volume, and the Liquidity Premium," Papers 1108.1167, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2013.
    17. Shota Imaki & Kentaro Imajo & Katsuya Ito & Kentaro Minami & Kei Nakagawa, 2021. "No-Transaction Band Network: A Neural Network Architecture for Efficient Deep Hedging," Papers 2103.01775, arXiv.org.
    18. Leland, Hayne E., 1999. "Optimal Portfolio Management with Transactions Costs and Capital Gains Taxes," Research Program in Finance, Working Paper Series qt0fw6k0hm, Research Program in Finance, Institute for Business and Economic Research, UC Berkeley.
    19. Perrakis, Stylianos & Lefoll, Jean, 2004. "The American put under transactions costs," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 28(5), pages 915-935, February.
    20. Garnadi, Agah D. & SYAHRIL,, 2017. "An Optimal Transaction Intervals for Portfolio Selection Problem with Bullet Transaction Cost," INA-Rxiv ev7mk, Center for Open Science.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ucb:calbrf:rpf-261. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Christopher F. Baum (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/debrkus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.