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Économies urbaines et productivité

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Author Info
Baldwin, John R.
Beckstead, Desmond
Brown, W. Mark
Rigby, David

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Abstract

La variation spatiale des niveaux de productivité et des taux de croissance de la productivité est considérable. Les écarts les plus prononcés sont peut être ceux observés entre pays, mais des différences demeurent fort évidentes dans les espaces nationaux, car la croissance économique favorise certaines villes et régions plus que d'autres. Dans le présent document, nous dressons la carte de la variation spatiale des niveaux de productivité d'une ville canadienne à l'autre et nous modélisons les déterminants sous jacents de cette variation. Nous poursuivons deux grands objectifs. En premier lieu, nous cherchons à confirmer l'existence, la nature et la taille des économies d'agglomération, c'est à dire les gains d'efficacité associés au regroupement spatial de l'activité économique. Nous nous concentrons sur les effets des réseaux acheteurs-fournisseurs, des réservoirs de main d'oeuvre et des externalités de connaissances. En deuxième lieu, nous déterminons la portée géographique des externalités de connaissances en utilisant l'information sur l'emplacement des établissements manufacturiers individuels. L'analyse porte sur les données au niveau de l'établissement produites par la Division de l'analyse microéconomique de Statistique Canada. Si l'on neutralise l'effet d'une série de caractéristiques des établissements et des entreprises, l'analyse révèle que la productivité des établissements est influencée positivement par chacun des trois mécanismes d'agglomération énoncés par Marshall (1920). Elle indique aussi que l'effet des externalités de connaissances sur la productivité est spatialement circonscrit, puisqu'il se propa

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Paper provided by Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques in its series Série de documents de recherche sur l'analyse économique (AE) with number 2007045f.

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Date of creation: 18 Jun 2007
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Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp5f:2007045f

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Related research
Keywords: Fabrication; Rendement des entreprises et appartenance; Profils régionaux et urbains;

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Ciccone, Antonio & Hall, Robert E, 1996. "Productivity and the Density of Economic Activity," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(1), pages 54-70, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Duranton, Gilles & Puga, Diego, 1999. "Diversity and Specialization in Cities: Why, Where and When Does It Matter?," CEPR Discussion Papers 2256, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. W. Mark Brown & William P. Anderson, 2002. "articles: Spatial markets and the potential for economic integration between Canadian and U.S. regions," Papers in Regional Science, Springer, vol. 81(1), pages 99-120. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. John Haltiwanger & C J Krizan & Lucia Foster, 1998. "Aggregate Productivity Growth: Lessons From Microeconomic Evidence," Working Papers 98-12, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Moomaw, Ronald L., 1983. "Is population scale a worthless surrogate for business agglomeration economies?," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 525-545, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Jaffe, Adam B & Trajtenberg, Manuel & Henderson, Rebecca, 1993. "Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 108(3), pages 577-98, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Eric J. Bartelsman & Mark Doms, 2000. "Understanding Productivity: Lessons from Longitudinal Microdata," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 38(3), pages 569-594, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Guy Dumais & Glenn Ellison & Edward Glaeser, 1997. "Geographic Concentration as a Dynamic Process," NBER Working Papers 6270, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. David L. Rigby & J¸rgen Essletzbichler, 2002. "Agglomeration economies and productivity differences in US cities," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 2(4), pages 407-432, October.
  10. Henderson, Vernon & Kuncoro, Ari & Turner, Matt, 1995. "Industrial Development in Cities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 103(5), pages 1067-90, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Rosenthal, Stuart S. & Strange, William C., 2001. "The Determinants of Agglomeration," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 191-229, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Edward L. Glaeser & Hedi D. Kallal & Jose A. Scheinkman & Andrei Shleifer, 1991. "Growth in Cities," NBER Working Papers 3787, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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    • Glaeser, Edward L & Hedi D. Kallal & Jose A. Scheinkman & Andrei Shleifer, 1992. "Growth in Cities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 100(6), pages 1126-52, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. W P Anderson, 1990. "Labour productivity growth in Canadian manufacturing: a regional analysis," Environment and Planning A, Pion Ltd, London, vol. 22(3), pages 309-320, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. Stuart S. Rosenthal & William C. Strange, 1999. "Geography, Industrial Organization, and Agglomeration," Center for Policy Research Working Papers 14, Center for Policy Research, Maxwell School, Syracuse University. [Downloadable!]
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  1. Baldwin, John R. & Brown, W. Mark & Rigby, David, 2008. "Économies d'agglomération : estimations de panel de microdonnées du secteur canadien de la fabrication," Série de documents de recherche sur l'analyse économique (AE) 2008049f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques. [Downloadable!]
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