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Pourquoi les jeunes provenant de familles à plus faible revenu sont-ils moins susceptibles de fréquenter l'université? Analyse fondée sur les aptitudes aux études, l'influence des parents et les contraintes financières

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Author Info
Frenette, Marc
Abstract

Dans la présente étude, je m'appuie sur de nouvelles données canadiennes détaillées sur les aptitudes aux études, l'influence des parents, les contraintes financières et d'autres caractéristiques socioéconomiques de base des jeunes pour tâcher d'expliquer l'écart important dans la fréquentation de l'université d'un niveau de la répartition du revenu à l'autre. Je conclus que 96 % de l'écart total dans la fréquentation de l'université entre les jeunes se situant au quartile supérieur de revenu et ceux appartenant au quartile inférieur s'explique par des différences dans les caractéristiques observables. Les différences dans les facteurs à long terme comme les notes aux tests normalisés de lecture et les notes scolaires obtenues à 15 ans, l'influence des parents et la qualité de l'école secondaire expliquent 84 % de l'écart. En revanche, seulement 12 % de l'écart est relié aux contraintes financières. Les résultats sont comparables pour les différents quartiles de revenu et lorsque j'utilise des notes aux tests normalisés de mathématiques et de sciences. Toutefois, une plus grande partie de l'écart est attribuable aux notes en lecture qu'aux notes à d'autres tests.

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Paper provided by Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques in its series Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche with number 2007295f.

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Date of creation: 08 Feb 2007
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Handle: RePEc:stc:stcp3f:2007295f

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Keywords: Éducation; formation et apprentissage; Enfants et jeunes; Niveau de scolarité; Finances de l'éducation; Familles à faible revenu; Littératie;

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  1. Moffitt, Robert A., 1999. "New developments in econometric methods for labor market analysis," Handbook of Labor Economics, in: O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, edition 1, volume 3, chapter 24, pages 1367-1397 Elsevier. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Zhao, John & Corak, Miles & Lipps, Garth, 2003. "Revenu familial et participation aux études postsecondaires," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2003210f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques. [Downloadable!]
  3. Alan Manning & Helen Robinson, 2004. "Something in the way she moves: a fresh look at an old gap," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 56(2), pages 169-188, April. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  4. Card, David, 2001. "Estimating the Return to Schooling: Progress on Some Persistent Econometric Problems," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 69(5), pages 1127-60, September.
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  5. Oaxaca, Ronald L. & Ransom, Michael R., 1994. "On discrimination and the decomposition of wage differentials," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 5-21, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Pedro Carneiro & James J. Heckman, 2002. "The Evidence on Credit Constraints in Post-Secondary Schooling," NBER Working Papers 9055, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  7. Frenette, Marc & Green, David A. & Milligan, Kevin, 2006. "Revisiting Recent Trends in Canadian After-Tax Income Inequality Using Census Data," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 2006274e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch. [Downloadable!]
  8. David Neumark, 1987. "Employers' discriminatory behavior and the estimation of wage discrimination," Special Studies Papers 227, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
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