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Globalisation financière, vieillissement et convergence mondiale: Une exploration de quelques scénarios

Author

Listed:
  • Michel Aglietta

    (Centre d'Etudes Prospectives et d'Informations Internationales)

  • Jean Chateau

    (UFR Mathématique et informatique)

  • Jacky Fayolle

    (Centre Etudes & Prospective (Groupe Alpha))

  • Michel Juillard

    (Bases, Corpus, Langage (CNRS/UNSA))

  • Jacques Le Cacheux

    (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques)

  • Gilles Le Garrec
  • Vincent Touze

    (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques)

Abstract

Conçu pour analyser les conséquences sur les évolutions économiques mondiales et sur les flux internationaux de capitaux des phénomènes de vieillissement démographique et d’éventuelles réformes des régimes publics de retraite dans les pays développés, le modèle INGENUE est un modèle d’équilibre général calculable à générations imbriquées de l’économie mondiale divisée en six grandes zones, distinguées selon leurs grandes caractéristiques démographiques et économiques : trois zones développées au vieillissement déjà avancé (Europe, Japon et Amérique du Nord-Océanie) ; et trois zones en développement dont le processus de vieillissement est soit déjà largement entamé (Chine, etc.), soit à peine entamé (Inde, Brésil, etc.), soit encore à venir (Afrique, Amérique centrale, etc.). Son scénario central décrit, pour le XXI e siècle, un monde où les populations des grandes zones, immobiles, connaissent des processus décalés de vieillissement, qui engendrent des opportunités d’échanges mutuellement avantageux, suscitant des mouvements de capitaux de grande ampleur, en dépit d’une diffusion internationale lente du progrès technique. L’article propose ensuite une exploration détaillée de scénarios typés de convergence institutionnelle des systèmes de retraite par répartition, d’abord limitée aux seules zones développées de la planète, puis étendue à l’ensemble du monde. Nous montrons que ces scénarios engendrent des évolutions économiques mondiales sensiblement différentes, et surtout, des flux de capitaux d’ampleurs très diverses selon les cas, donc aussi des répartitions très différentes de la richesse mondiale.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Aglietta & Jean Chateau & Jacky Fayolle & Michel Juillard & Jacques Le Cacheux & Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touze, 2002. "Globalisation financière, vieillissement et convergence mondiale: Une exploration de quelques scénarios," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/2089, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/2089
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maurice Obstfeld & Kenneth S. Rogoff, 1996. "Foundations of International Macroeconomics," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262150476, December.
    2. Equipe INGENUE, 2001. "Macroeconomic consequences of pension reforms in Europe: an investigation with the INGENUE world model," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 0116, CEPREMAP.
    3. Equipe INGENUE, 2001. "Macroeconomic consequences of pension reforms in Europe: an investigation with the INGENUE world model," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 0116, CEPREMAP.
    4. Feldstein, Martin S, 1974. "Social Security, Induced Retirement, and Aggregate Capital Accumulation," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 82(5), pages 905-926, Sept./Oct.
    5. Dave Turner & Claude Giorno & Alain de Serres & Ann Vourc'h & Pete Richardson, 1998. "The Macroeconomic Implications of Ageing in a Global Context," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 193, OECD Publishing.
    6. Helmut Reisen, 2000. "Pensions, Savings and Capital Flows," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 2017.
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    Cited by:

    1. Michel Aglietta & Vladimir Borgy & Jean Chateau & Michel Juillard & Jacques Le Cacheux & Vincent Touzé & Gilles Le Garrec, 2005. "The Larger Europe : Technological Convergence and Labour Migrations," Post-Print hal-01062611, HAL.
    2. Michel Aglietta & Vladimir Borgy & Jean Chateau & Michel Juillard & Jacques Le Cacheux & Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touze, 2006. "World Growth and International Capital Flows in the XXIst Century : A Prospective Analysis with the INGENUE2 Model," Sciences Po publications N° 2006-07, Sciences Po.
    3. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2221 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Michel Aglietta & Vladimir Borgy & Jean Chateau & Michel Juillard & Jacques le Cacheux, 2007. "Asian Catch Up, World Growth and International Capital Flows in the XXIst Century: a Prospective Analysis with the INGENUE 2 Model," Working Papers 2007-01, CEPII research center.
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    6. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/2283 is not listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Marché mondial ; « Social-démocratisation »; Vieillissement démographique;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • C68 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computable General Equilibrium Models
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making
    • H55 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Social Security and Public Pensions

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