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Dynamique de la pauvreté en Haïti et ses déterminants

Author

Listed:
  • Alex Siméon

    (GREDI, Département d'économique, Université de Sherbrooke)

  • Dorothée Boccanfuso

    (GREDI, Faculte d'administration, Université de Sherbrooke)

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Haïti, classée 153e/177, appartient au groupe des pays les plus sous-développés au monde (PNUD 2005). Ainsi, ce pays est parmi ceux appelés à bénéficier des programmes de réduction de la pauvreté dans le cadre des « Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement ». A cet effet, chaque pays dont Haïti, doit rédiger son « Document stratégique de réduction de la pauvreté ». Pourtant, les études sur la pauvreté en Haïti sont encore très peu nombreuses et l’aspect dynamique du phénomène reste encore à explorer. Ce papier vise à étudier la dynamique de la pauvreté entre 1986/1987 et 1999/2000 et mettre en évidence les déterminants de la pauvreté observée. Pour y parvenir, nous avons utilisé les données de deux enquêtes ménages, la classe d’indices décomposables FGT et les tests de dominance stochastique afin de tester la robustesse des changements de pauvreté dans le temps. Les résultats montrent une baisse importante de la pauvreté tant au niveau national que sur le plan sectoriel. Concernant les déterminants de la pauvreté, les résultats révèlent que le milieu de résidence et l’appartenance à une catégorie socioprofessionnelle constituent les deux principaux facteurs influençant la pauvreté.

Suggested Citation

  • Alex Siméon & Dorothée Boccanfuso, 2006. "Dynamique de la pauvreté en Haïti et ses déterminants," Cahiers de recherche 06-15, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.
    • Handle: RePEc:shr:wpaper:06-15
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    File URL: http://gredi.recherche.usherbrooke.ca/wpapers/GREDI-0615.pdf
    File Function: First version, 2006
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Atkinson, A B, 1987. "On the Measurement of Poverty," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(4), pages 749-764, July.
    3. Christiaensen, Luc & Scott, Christopher & Wodon, Quentin, 2002. "Poverty Measurement and Analysis," MPRA Paper 45362, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Jean‐Yves Duclos & Paul Makdissi, 2004. "Restricted and Unrestricted Dominance for Welfare, Inequality, and Poverty Orderings," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 6(1), pages 145-164, February.
    5. Evans Jadotte, 2006. "Income Distribution and Poverty in the Republic of Haiti," Working Papers PMMA 2006-13, PEP-PMMA.
    6. Jean-Yves Duclos & Abdelkrim Araar, 2006. "Poverty and Equity," Economic Studies in Inequality, Social Exclusion, and Well-Being, Springer, number 978-0-387-33318-2, Fall.
    7. Jean-Pierre Lachaud, 1995. "Pauvreté et marché du travail au Bénin : quelques éléments d'analyse," Documents de travail 06, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Alex Siméon & Dorothée Boccanfuso, 2006. "Pauvreté, croissance et redistribution en Haïti," Cahiers de recherche 06-17, Departement d'économique de l'École de gestion à l'Université de Sherbrooke.
    2. Koloma, Yaya, 2012. "DETERMINANTS de la pauvreté et genre des bénéficiaires de microfinance au Mali [DETERMINANTS of poverty by gender of beneficiaries of microfinance in Mali]," MPRA Paper 40644, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. repec:pra:mprapa:40631 is not listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Haïti; Pauvreté; dynamique; déterminants;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation

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