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Does Marginal Employment Substitute Regular Employment? – A Heterogeneous Dynamic Labor Demand Approach for Germany

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Author Info
Lena Jacobi
Sandra Schaffner ()

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Abstract

In Germany we observe a decline in regular employment and an increase in atypical forms of employment. Especially marginal part-time employment which is characterized by lower tax rates and lower social security contributions increased substantially after a reform in 2003 made this type of employment even more attractive to employers. In our paper we estimate the substitutability of regular employment by marginal part-time employment using data on the industry level before and after the reform.We detect high substitution elasticities with respect to three skill categories of regular employment in both time periods. The substitutability of unskilled full-time workers increased significantly after the reform.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen in its series Ruhr Economic Papers with number 0056.

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Length: 38 pages
Date of creation: Jul 2008
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:rwi:repape:0056

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Related research
Keywords: Mini-Jobs; dynamic labor demand; elasticities; Hartz-reforms;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Felix Fitzroy & Michael Funke, 1994. "Capital-Skill Complementarity in West German Manufacturing," CRIEFF Discussion Papers 9408, Centre for Research into Industry, Enterprise, Finance and the Firm.
    Other versions:
  2. Felix Fitzroy, Michael Funke, 1998. "Skills, Wages and Employment in East and West Germany," Regional Studies, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 32(5), pages 459-467, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Bartel, Ann P & Lichtenberg, Frank R, 1987. "The Comparative Advantage of Educated Workers in Implementing New Technology," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 69(1), pages 1-11, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Carsten Ochsen & Heinz Welsch, 2005. "Technology, trade, and income distribution in West Germany: A factor-share analysis, 1976-1994," Journal of Applied Economics, Universidad del CEMA, vol. 0, pages 321-345, November. [Downloadable!]
  5. Falk, Martin & Koebel, Bertrand, 2001. "A Dynamic Heterogeneous Labour Demand Model for German Manufacturing," Applied Economics, Taylor and Francis Journals, vol. 33(3), pages 339-48, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  6. Iris Koch & Holger Meinken, 2004. "The Employment Panel of the German Federal Employment Agency," Schmollers Jahrbuch : Journal of Applied Social Science Studies / Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 124(2), pages 315-325.
  7. Diewert, Walter E & Wales, Terence J, 1987. "Flexible Functional Forms and Global Curvature Conditions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(1), pages 43-68, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. John T. Addison & Lutz Bellmann & Thorsten Schank & Paulino Teixeira, 2005. "The Demand for Labor: An Analysis Using Matched Employer-Employee Data from the German LIAB. Will the High Unskilled Worker Own-Wage Elasticity Please Stand Up?," IZA Discussion Papers 1780, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
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  9. Freeman, Richard B, 1995. "Are Your Wages Set in Beijing?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 9(3), pages 15-32, Summer. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Bernd Fitzenberger & Karsten Kohn, 2006. "Skill Wage Premia, Employment, and Cohort Effects: Are Workers in Germany All of the Same Type?," IZA Discussion Papers 2185, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
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  11. Anderson, G J & Blundell, R W, 1982. "Estimation and Hypothesis Testing in Dynamic Singular Equation Systems," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(6), pages 1559-71, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Nadiri, M Ishaq & Rosen, Sherwin, 1969. "Interrelated Factor Demand Functions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(4), pages 457-71, Part I Se. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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