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L’entrepreneur, les économistes et le progrès technique éléments de reflexion à partir du potentiel de ressources de l’entrepreneur (The entrepreneur, the economist and technical progress an analysis based on the resource potential of the entrepreneur )

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Author Info
Sophie Boutillier () (labrii, ULCO)
Abstract

L’analyse du progrès technique pose problème aux économistes. J. Schumpeter le souligne, considérant que seuls trois sujets retiennent leur attention : la valeur, l’intérêt et la monnaie. Il invente ainsi l’entrepreneur pour apporter une réponse à la question du progrès technique, mais aussi pour des raisons théoriques : l’incapacité de la théorie walrasienne pour analyser le progrès technique, la croissance et les crises économiques. L’entrepreneur schumpetérien est donc défini comme l’agent économique qui innove. Dans les faits, nous constatons que la création d’entreprises est davantage une réponse au chômage. Le concept du « potentiel de ressources » cherche à traduire l’interaction micro/macro-économique/social dans le processus de la création d’entreprise. La faiblesse du potentiel de ressources du créateur d’entreprise français en ce début de 21ème siècle nous conduit à considérer que la création d’entreprise est une réponse au chômage, non le résultat d’une innovation technique. A partir des travaux du Lab. RII, nous avons analysé le potentiel de ressources d’entrepreneurs scientifiques du 19-20ème siècle afin de montrer l’importance relative de ses différentes parties (connaissances, ressources financières, relations). The analysis of technical progress is not solved. According to J. Schumpeter, there are three important questions for the economists : value, interest and money. He invents the entrepreneur to solve the question of technical progress, but he has theoretical reasons too: the incapacity of Walras to analyse technical progress, the economic growth and crisis. The schumpeterian entrepreneur is the economic agent who makes technical innovations. In the facts, the main reason of creation of business is unemployment. The objective of the concept of the « resource potential » of the entrepreneur is to show the interaction between micro/macro-economic/social in the process of the creation of business. The current weakness of the resource potential of the entrepreneur in France shows that the creation of enterprises is an answer to unemployment, and not the result of technical innovation. We propose in this paper the analysis of the resources potential of scientific entrepreneurs of the 19-20th centuries to show the relative importance of its different parts (knowledge, financial resources, relationships).

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Paper provided by Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation in its series Working Papers with number 84.

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Length: 21 pages
Date of creation: Sep 2004
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Publication status: Published in Cahiers du Lab.RII, Séptembre 2004
Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:84

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Related research
Keywords: Entrepreneur; économiste; progrès technique; investissement; entreprenariat/entrepreneur; economist; technical progress; investment; entrepreneurship;

Find related papers by JEL classification:
D00 - Microeconomics - - General - - - General
O00 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - General - - - General
M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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