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Les droits de propriété intellectuelle : aspects théoriques et impacts économiques (intellectual property rights: theoretical aspects and economic impacts)

Author

Listed:
  • Nejla Yacoub

    (Labrii, ULCO)

Abstract

Bien qu’elle ne soit devenue très en vogue que depuis le milieu des années 1990, la propriété intellectuelle est une notion bien ancrée dans le temps. Après un long processus d’évolution, elle est, de nos jours, dans un stade dynamique de transformation. Avec l’accélération du progrès technique et du mouvement de libéralisation économique, la protection de la propriété intellectuelle devient de plus en plus impérative. Ceci explique bien la vague d’établissement et de renforcement des DPI dans le monde. Toutefois, cette tendance soulève maintes controverses, notamment entre les pays développés et ceux en développement, à propos des impacts économiques des DPI. Dans ce papier, nous allons, dans un premier temps, fournir un aperçu général sur l’évolution des DPI. Dans un second temps, nous mettrons le point principalement sur les droits de brevet. Enfin, l’étude se rapportera à un survol théorique des impacts du renforcement des brevets, notamment, sur l’incitation à l’innovation, le transfert technologique et la croissance économique. La littérature montre que le renforcement des brevets est certes en faveur des pays développés, mais son impact sur les économies en développement demeure ambigu. Il dépend fortement de plusieurs facteurs, en l’occurrence, liés aux firmes, aux industries et aux pays et, par conséquent, relève d’un cadre d’analyse purement empirique. Although it has become very famous only since the last 1990s, intellectual property is a deep old notion. After a long evolution process, it is nowadays at a dynamic stage of transformation. With the acceleration of technical progress and economic liberalization movement, intellectual property protection is becoming more and more imperative. This explains well the wave of establishment and improvement of IPR worldwide. Nevertheless, this tendency lifts many controversies, especially between developed and developing countries, about the economic impacts of IPR. In this paper, we are going, first, to provide a general outline on the evolution of IPR. Second, the focus is to examine particularly patent rights. Finally, the paper skims through the theoretical studies on the impacts of patent enforcement on incentive to innovation, technology transfer and economic growth. Literature shows that patent enforcement is certainly in favour of developed countries but its impact on developing economies remains ambiguous. It depends strongly on several factors, related to firms, industries and countries and, consequently, arises from a purely empirical framework.

Suggested Citation

  • Nejla Yacoub, 2008. "Les droits de propriété intellectuelle : aspects théoriques et impacts économiques (intellectual property rights: theoretical aspects and economic impacts)," Working Papers 172, Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation.
  • Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:172
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Intellectual Property Rights (IPR); Patents; Patent Enforcement; Innovation; Technology Transfer; Economic Growth; Developing Countries.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • F29 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Other

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