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Optimal banking contracts and financial fragility

Author

Listed:
  • Todd Keister

    (Federal Reserve Bank of New York)

  • Huberto Ennis

    (Richmond Fed)

Abstract

We study a finite-depositor version of the Diamond-Dybvig model of financial intermediation in which the bank and all depositors observe withdrawals as they occur. We derive the (constrained) efficient allocation of resources in closed-form and show that this allocation provides liquidity insurance to depositors. The contractual arrangement that decentralizes this allocation has debt-like features and resembles the type of demand deposits commonly offered by banking institutions. We provide examples where this arrangement admits another equilibrium in which some depositors run on the bank, withdrawing funds regardless of their liquidity needs. A bank run in our setting is always partial, with only those depositors who can withdraw sufficiently early participating. Depositors who are late to withdraw during a run suffer significant discounts from the face value of their deposits. The run, while partial, may involve a large number of depositors and result in significant inefficiencies.

Suggested Citation

  • Todd Keister & Huberto Ennis, 2012. "Optimal banking contracts and financial fragility," 2012 Meeting Papers 179, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    • Handle: RePEc:red:sed012:179
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Markus Kinateder & Hubert János Kiss & Ágnes Pintér, 2020. "Would depositors pay to show that they do not withdraw? Theory and experiment," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 23(3), pages 873-894, September.
    2. Kinateder, Markus & Kiss, Hubert János, 2014. "Sequential decisions in the Diamond–Dybvig banking model," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 15(C), pages 149-160.
    3. Douglas D. Davis & Robert J. Reilly, 2016. "On Freezing Depositor Funds at Financially Distressed Banks: An Experimental Analysis," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 48(5), pages 989-1017, August.
    4. Kang, Minwook, 2020. "Demand deposit contracts and bank runs with present biased preferences," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    5. James C. D. Fisher & John Wooders, 2017. "Interacting information cascades: on the movement of conventions between groups," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 63(1), pages 211-231, January.
    6. Sim, Khai Zhi, 2022. "The optimal bailout policy in an interbank network," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    7. John Geanakoplos & Kieran James Walsh, 2018. "Inefficient liquidity provision," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 66(1), pages 213-233, July.
    8. Markus Kinateder & Hubert Janos Kiss & Agnes Pinter, 2015. "Would depositors like to show others that they do not withdraw? Theory and Experiment," CERS-IE WORKING PAPERS 1553, Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.
    9. Maria Näther, 2019. "The effect of the central bank’s standing facilities on interbank lending and bank liquidity holding," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 68(3), pages 537-577, October.
    10. Huang, Xuesong, 2024. "Sophisticated banking contracts and fragility when withdrawal information is public," Theoretical Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 19(1), January.
    11. James Peck & Abolfazi Setayesh, 2023. "Bank Runs and the Optimality of Limited Banking," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 47, pages 100-110, January.
    12. Jianjun Miao, 2016. "Introduction to the symposium on bubbles, multiple equilibria, and economic activities," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 61(2), pages 207-214, February.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D82 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Asymmetric and Private Information; Mechanism Design
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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