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Grading and quality upgrading : complements or substitutes ?

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Author Info
Hollander, A.
Monier-Dilhan, S.
Raynal, H.

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Abstract

The role of grading is to disclose the quality of individual units of output. Each firm produces high and low quality units in different proportions. Quality specification is a choice variable and, all producers have access to the same technology. The paper finds that greater access to grading, captured as a reduction in the cost of grading has an ambiguous effect on the quality of output that undergoes grading. Also, surprisingly, it finds that in response to changes in the cost of grading, the quality of the output undergoing grading and the quality of industry output as a whole tend to move in opposite directions. ...French Abstract : Le bien produit se décline en deux qualités : la qualité haute ou la qualité standard. Deux catégories de producteurs sont présents sur le marché, chacune caractérisée par sa proportion de produits de haute qualité, qui résulte du choix de l'entreprise. S'il n'y a pas de signe de qualité, les consommateurs connaissent la qualité moyenne d'un bien. L'existence d'un signe de qualité donne au consommateur une information certaine sur la qualité du bien. Le schéma de préférences des consommateurs est celui de Mussa-Rosen. Le fait de signaler la qualité de la production a un coût (coût unitaire fixe). Cet article s'intéresse aux équilibres pour lesquels l'industrie propose aux consommateurs des produits parfaitement signalés (i. e. de qualité standard et de qualité haute) et des produits non signalés. Il s'agit d'étudier comment le choix des entreprises en termes de qualité est affecté par le coût de la signalisation. Il paraît intuitif que lorsque la qualité est facile à vérifier (c'est-à-dire lorsque le coût de signalisation est faible), les entreprises améliorent la qualité. Or, on obtient un résultat, assez surprenant, selon lequel la qualité moyenne de l'industrie peut diminuer lorsque le coût de la signalisation diminue. Un tel résultat s'observe lorsque la qualité la plus forte des entreprises qui ne signalent pas leur qualité est élevée.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by French Institute for Agronomy Research (INRA), Economics Laboratory in Toulouse (ESR Toulouse) in its series Economics Working Paper Archive (Toulouse) with number 14.

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Length: 17 p.
Date of creation: 2001
Date of revision:
Handle: RePEc:rea:inrawp:14

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Related research
Keywords: QUALITY; GRADING; CERTIFICATION; AGRICULTURE ; QUALITE DES PRODUITS; SIGNE DE QUALITE; MARQUE; COUT;

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  1. De, Sankar & Nabar, Prafulla, 1991. "Economic implications of imperfect quality certification," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 333-337, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Boyan Jovanovic, 1982. "Truthful Disclosure of Information," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 13(1), pages 36-44, Spring. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Akerlof, George A, 1970. "The Market for 'Lemons': Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press, vol. 84(3), pages 488-500, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Mussa, Michael & Rosen, Sherwin, 1978. "Monopoly and product quality," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 301-317, August. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Crampes, Claude & Hollander, Abraham, 1995. "Duopoly and quality standards," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 71-82, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Steven Matthews & Andrew Postlewaite, 1985. "Quality Testing and Disclosure," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 16(3), pages 328-340, Autumn. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Marette, Stephan & Crespi, John M & Schiavina, Allesandra, 1999. "The Role of Common Labelling in a Context of Asymmetric Information," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press for the Foundation for the European Review of Agricultural Economics, vol. 26(2), pages 167-78, June.
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