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The Effect of Civil Conflict on Domestic Violence The Case of Peru

Author

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  • Italo A. Gutierrez
  • Jose V. Gallegos

Abstract

We study the effect of women's exposure to civil conflict violent events during childhood and early teenage years on the probability that they will experience domestic violence in their marriages as adults. In particular, we investigate the case of the internal conflict in Peru during the 1980s and early 1990s, and its effect on the incidence of domestic violence between 2004 and 2012. We find that female exposure to conflict violence increases their later risk of being a perpetrator and a victim of domestic violence. The average effects for women affected by the conflict are small, although they mask important heterogeneities as some regions were affected by the conflict more severely than others. The effects are substantial for women in the highest categories of exposure. We also find evidence that a potential mechanism through which exposure to the conflict affects domestic violence in the long-term is normalization of the use of violence. Women more exposed to conflict violent events are more likely to justify the use of violence against women and more likely to stay in a violent relationship.

Suggested Citation

  • Italo A. Gutierrez & Jose V. Gallegos, 2016. "The Effect of Civil Conflict on Domestic Violence The Case of Peru," Working Papers WR-1168, RAND Corporation.
  • Handle: RePEc:ran:wpaper:wr-1168
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jose Galdo, 2013. "The Long-Run Labor-Market Consequences of Civil War: Evidence from the Shining Path in Peru," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 61(4), pages 789-823.
    2. Grimard, F. & Laszlo, S., 2014. "Long-Term Effects of Civil Conflict on Women’s Health Outcomes in Peru," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 139-155.
    3. Dominik Noe & Johannes Rieckmann, 2013. "Violent Behaviour: The effect of civil conflict on domestic violence in Colombia," Courant Research Centre: Poverty, Equity and Growth - Discussion Papers 136, Courant Research Centre PEG, revised 19 Sep 2013.
    4. Heath, Rachel, 2014. "Women’s Access to Labor Market Opportunities, Control of Household Resources, and Domestic Violence: Evidence from Bangladesh," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 32-46.
    5. Gianmarco León, 2012. "Civil Conflict and Human Capital Accumulation: The Long-term Effects of Political Violence in Perú," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 47(4), pages 991-1022.
    6. repec:idb:brikps:publication-detail,7101.html?id=26071 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. -, 2015. "Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean. Annual report 2013-2014. Confronting violence against women in Latin America and the Caribbean," Observatorio de Igualdad de Género en América Latina y el Caribe. Estudios, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 37271 edited by Cepal, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ekhator-Mobayode,Uche Eseosa & Hanmer,Lucia C. & Rubiano Matulevich,Eliana Carolina & Arango,Diana Jimena, 2020. "Effect of Armed Conflict on Intimate Partner Violence : Evidence from the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9168, The World Bank.
    2. Giulia La Mattina & Olga N. Shemyakina, 2017. "Domestic Violence and Childhood Exposure to Armed Conflict: Attitudes and Experiences," HiCN Working Papers 255, Households in Conflict Network.
    3. Mevlude Akbulut-Yuksel & Naci H. Mocan & Semih Tumen & Belgi Turan, 2022. "The Crime Effect of Refugees," NBER Working Papers 30070, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Eseosa Ekhator-Mobayode, Uche & Hanmer, Lucia C. & Rubiano-Matulevich, Eliana & Jimena Arango, Diana, 2022. "The effect of armed conflict on intimate partner violence: Evidence from the Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    5. Sehar Iqbal, 2021. "Through Their Eyes: Women and Human Security in Kashmir," Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs, , vol. 8(2), pages 147-173, August.
    6. Jansen, Stefan & Nsabimana, Epaphrodite & Kagaba, Mediatrice & Mutabaruka, Jean & Rutembesa, Eugene & Slegh, Henny & Mihigo, Bonaventure & Mahwa, Aloys & Ruratotoye, Benoit & Haile, Zelalem, 2022. "A clustered randomized controlled trial to assess whether Living Peace Intervention (LPint) reduces domestic violence and its consequences among families of targeted men in Eastern Democratic Republic," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    7. Prakarsh Singh & Alvaro Morales, 2015. "The Effect of Civil Conflict on Child Abuse: Evidence from Peru," NCID Working Papers 04/2015, Navarra Center for International Development, University of Navarra.
    8. La Mattina, Giulia, 2017. "Civil conflict, domestic violence and intra-household bargaining in post-genocide Rwanda," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 168-198.
    9. Magda Tsaneva & Marc Rockmore & Zahra Albohmood, 2019. "The effect of violent crime on female decision-making within the household: evidence from the Mexican war on drugs," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 615-646, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    domestic violence; civil conflicts; social norms; Peru;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J12 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Marriage; Marital Dissolution; Family Structure
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination

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