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Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in Under-Five Mortality: Evidence from Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1970-1991

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Author Info
Narayan Sastry
Abstract

In this paper, the author examines the effects of social and economic development on inequalities in under-five mortality for the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, over a twenty-one year period during which much of the infant and child mortality transition unfolded. The author investigated whether the improvements in infant and child survival were accompanied by declining inequalities. The author focused on inequality in under-five mortality by household wealth and by mother's education and used microdata from Brazilian censuses conducted in 1970, 1980, and 1991. The author found that inequality according to household wealth underwent a clear decline over the study period. Inequality according to mother's education first declined then increased, with a net rise over the study period. When the author controlled for background demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, inequalities in under-five mortality according to household wealth remained roughly constant. On the other hand, inequality according to mother's education increased substantially.

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Paper provided by RAND Corporation Publications Department in its series Working Papers with number 02-15.

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Length: 36 pages
Date of creation: Dec 2002
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Handle: RePEc:ran:wpaper:02-15

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  1. Filmer, Deon & Pritchett, Lant, 1998. "Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data - or tears : with an application to educational enrollments in states of India," Policy Research Working Paper Series 1994, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  2. Contoyannis, Paul & Forster, Martin, 1999. "The distribution of health and income: a theoretical framework," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 603-620, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  3. Wagstaff, Adam & Watanabe, Naoko, 2000. "Socioeconomic inequalities in child malnutrition in the developing world," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2434, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  4. Lam, David & Levison, Deborah, 1991. "Declining inequality in schooling in Brazil and its effects on inequality in earnings," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(1-2), pages 199-225, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Wagstaff, Adam, 2002. "Inequalities in health in developing countries - swimming against the tide?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2795, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  6. Wagstaff, Adam & Nga Nguyet Nguyen, 2002. "Poverty and survival prospects of Vietnamese children under Doi Moi," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2832, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  7. Kakwani, Nanak & Wagstaff, Adam & van Doorslaer, Eddy, 1997. "Socioeconomic inequalities in health: Measurement, computation, and statistical inference," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 77(1), pages 87-103, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  8. Deon Filmer & Lant Pritchett, 1999. "The Effect of Household Wealth on Educational Attainment: Evidence from 35 Countries," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 25(1), pages 85-120. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Psacharopoulos, George, et al, 1995. "Poverty and Income Inequality in Latin America during the 1980s," Review of Income and Wealth, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 41(3), pages 245-64, September.
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