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Evolution des attentes sociales et comportement électoral : France, 1978-2002

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Elvire Guillaud
Stefano Palombarini

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Abstract

Cet article met en lumière de manière empirique la multi-dimensionalité et l'évolution de la demande politique d'agents hétérogènes. Dans ce but, on mène une analyse de données sur des sondages post-électoraux français de 1978 à 2002. L'analyse met en évidence les origines de la crise politique française de 2002, avec la présence au second tour du candidat d'extrême droite à l'élection présidentielle. L'élément clé est la cristallisation de groupes sociaux autour des thèmes économiques qui structurent l'espace politique. D'une part, les principales dimensions de la demande évoluent au cours du temps, d'autre part les alliances sociales se modifient autour de ces demandes. La crise économique dans la décennie 1980 et le processus d'intégration européenne au cours de la décennie 1990 conditionnent les demandes politiques et multiplient les lignes de fracture : les alliances sociales de soutien à la droite républicaine et à la gauche "de gouvernement" éclatent progressivement. ### [english abstract: This paper empirically identifies the multi-dimensionality and the evolution of the political demand of heterogeneous agents. For that purpose, we analyze French post-electoral surveys over the period 1978-2002. The analysis highlights the roots of the French political crisis, which occurred in 2002 while a Far Right candidate reached the second round of the Presidential elections. The key point is the gathering of socio-economic groups around the economic themes that design the political space. Since these themes are evolving over time, social alliances are moving, too. The economic crisis during the 80s and the European integration process of the 90s determine the political demands and multiply the break lines: the two social blocks that used to support the Republican Right and the governmental Left progressively break up.] ###

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Paper provided by PSE (Ecole normale supérieure) in its series PSE Working Papers with number 2006-37.

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Date of creation: 2006
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Handle: RePEc:pse:psecon:2006-37

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  1. John E. Roemer & Karine Van der Straeten, 2006. "The Political Economy of Xenophobia and Distribution: The Case of Denmark," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 108(2), pages 251-277, 07. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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