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The Effect of Unemployment on Labor Earnings Inequality: Argentina in the Nineties

Author

Listed:
  • Martin Gonzalez

    (CEDES)

  • Alicia Menendez

    (Princeton University)

Abstract

In this paper we develop a methodology that allows us to quantify the effect of changes in unemployment rates on labor income inequality. We estimate individual earnings functions for employed people conditional on a working status polychotomous model and we establish a formal procedure to assign wages to unemployed workers. We simulate the probability distribution of unemployed persons of particular year on a base year. By computing inequality measures using the actual and simulated populations we are able to assess the impact of unemployment on earnings inequality. Additionally, we simulate changes in participation and in the returns to human capital. An application using microdata from Argentina is presented. The results suggest that unemployment accounts for a large part of the increase in earnings inequality that this country experienced between 1991 and 1998.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Gonzalez & Alicia Menendez, 2000. "The Effect of Unemployment on Labor Earnings Inequality: Argentina in the Nineties," Working Papers 216, Princeton University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Research Program in Development Studies..
    • Handle: RePEc:pri:rpdevs:menendez_unemployment_ar.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. James J. Heckman, 1976. "The Common Structure of Statistical Models of Truncation, Sample Selection and Limited Dependent Variables and a Simple Estimator for Such Models," NBER Chapters, in: Annals of Economic and Social Measurement, Volume 5, number 4, pages 475-492, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Almeida dos Reis, Jose Guilherme & Paes de Barros, Ricardo, 1991. "Wage inequality and the distribution of education : A study of the evolution of regional differences in inequality in metropolitan Brazil," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 117-143, July.
    3. Cesar Patricio Bouillon & Arianna Legovini & Nora Lustig, 2003. "Rising Inequality in Mexico: Household Characteristics and Regional Effects," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(4), pages 112-133.
    4. Lee, Lung-fei & Maddala, G S & Trost, R P, 1980. "Asymptotic Covariance Matrices of Two-Stage Probit and Two-Stage Tobit Methods for Simultaneous Equations Models with Selectivity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(2), pages 491-503, March.
    5. Lee, Lung-Fei, 1983. "Generalized Econometric Models with Selectivity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 51(2), pages 507-512, March.
    6. Juhn, Chinhui & Murphy, Kevin M & Pierce, Brooks, 1993. "Wage Inequality and the Rise in Returns to Skill," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 101(3), pages 410-442, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Andi Faisal Anwar & Angelina Putri Asnun & Abdul Wahab, 2021. "Measuring the Impact of Inclusive Economic Growth; Empirical Study of SDGs in Indonesia," Technium Social Sciences Journal, Technium Science, vol. 25(1), pages 192-218, November.
    2. Jurgita Markevičiūtė & Jolita Bernatavičienė & Rūta Levulienė & Viktor Medvedev & Povilas Treigys & Julius Venskus, 2022. "Impact of COVID-19-Related Lockdown Measures on Economic and Social Outcomes in Lithuania," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(15), pages 1-20, August.
    3. repec:thr:techub:10025:y:2021:i:1:p:192-218 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Tregenna, F., 2009. "The Relationship Between Unemployment and Earnings Inequality in South Africa," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 0907, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    5. Carlos Foronda Rojas, 2006. "Evaluación de los efectos de las políticas de exportación y de productividad en la distribución del ingreso a partir de microsimulaciones," Investigación & Desarrollo 0206, Universidad Privada Boliviana, revised Mar 2006.
    6. Carlos Alberto Foronda Rojas & Milenka Ocampo, 2008. "Retornos de la educación pública y privada: Inferencia asintótica y bootstrap en medidas de desigualdad," Investigación & Desarrollo 0308, Universidad Privada Boliviana, revised Mar 2008.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Income inequality; Selectivity bias; Unemployment; Wages; Argentina;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C25 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models; Discrete Regressors; Proportions; Probabilities
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity

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