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Do Response Times Matter? The Impact of EMS Response Times on Health Outcomes

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Author Info
Elizabeth Wilde (Columbia University)

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Abstract

The introduction of technology aimed at reducing the response times of emergency medical services has been one of the principal innovations in crisis care over the last several decades. These substantial investments have typically been justified by an assumed link between shorter response times and improved health outcomes. But, current medical research does not actually show a significant relationship between response time and mortality. In this study, I explain the discrepancy between conventional wisdom and current medical research; existing research fails to account for the endogeneity of incident severity and response time. Analyzing detailed call-level information from the state of Utah's Bureau of Emergency Medical Services, I measure the impact of response time on mortality and hospital utilization using the distance of the incident from the nearest EMS agency headquarters as an instrument for response time. I find that response times significantly affect mortality, but not hospital utilization. A cost benefit analysis suggests that the anticipated benefits of a response time reduction exceed the costs and I discuss free-rider problems that might be responsible for the inefficiently high response times I observe.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by Princeton University, Department of Economics, Industrial Relations Section. in its series Working Papers with number 1065.

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Date of creation: May 2008
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Handle: RePEc:pri:indrel:1065

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Related research
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services; response time; mortality; cost-benefit analysis; free-rider;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Production
I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
I10 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - General

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