Despite Egypt’s adoption of an “open-door” policy since the 1970s and a rapid expansion of world trade in recent decades, the openness indicator, nearly halved from 1980 (46%) to 2000 (24%), with the same trend recorded for services. Since 2001, a number of trade liberalization and reform measures, although falling short of opening Egypt’s protected market, contributed to enhancing exports to the global market place. The pace of liberalization received a boost with the new government’s reinforcement of export -oriented policies.
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Paper provided by University Library of Munich, Germany in its series MPRA Paper with number
7084.