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Inequality in Housing and Basic Amenities in India

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  • Pal, Rama
  • Aneja, Neil
  • Nagpal, Dhruv

Abstract

The paper analyses inequality in housing conditions for India for two time period 2008-09 and 2012. Housing conditions are important determinants of health status. Access to descent housing and basic amenities is essential to improve health status of people. Given this backdrop, we examine the distribution of housing and basic amenities, namely, drinking water, toilets and electricity, across regions and over time. We also study the determinants of access to these basic amenities. The results show unequal distribution of housing conditions with rich households having higher access to better housing. Under the Millennium Development Goals, the Indian government has worked towards improving access to safe drinking water and sanitation. However, the results of multivariate analysis show that the economic and social background of household determine the access to basic services even in the year 2012.

Suggested Citation

  • Pal, Rama & Aneja, Neil & Nagpal, Dhruv, 2015. "Inequality in Housing and Basic Amenities in India," MPRA Paper 61994, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:61994
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/61994/1/MPRA_paper_61931.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    3. Lauren Krivo & Robert Kaufman, 2004. "Housing and wealth inequality: Racial-ethnic differences in home equity in the United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 41(3), pages 585-605, August.
    4. Brent Edelman & Arup Mitra, 2006. "Slum Dwellers' Access To Basic Amenities: The Role Of Political Contact, Its Determinants And Adverse Effects," Review of Urban & Regional Development Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(1), pages 25-40, March.
    5. Kakwani, Nanak C, 1977. "Applications of Lorenz Curves in Economic Analysis," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 45(3), pages 719-727, April.
    6. Chengdong Yi & Youqin Huang, 2014. "Housing Consumption and Housing Inequality in Chinese Cities During the First Decade of the Twenty-First Century," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(2), pages 291-311, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Pritam Ghosh & Asraful Alam & Nilanjana Ghosal & Debodatta Saha, 2021. "A Geospatial Analysis of Temporary Housing Inequality among Socially Marginalized and Privileged Groups in India," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(3), pages 798-819, June.
    2. Konwar, Paranan, 2015. "Socio-economic conditions, inequality and deprivation in North East India," MPRA Paper 65407, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 03 Jul 2015.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Basic amenities; housing conditions; inequality; India;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure

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