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Monetary Conditions Index: A Composite Measure of Monetary Policy in Pakistan

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  • Qayyum, Abdul

Abstract

This paper estimated Monetary Conditions Index (MCI) of inflation variable for Pakistan by using monthly data from June 1990 to June 2001. Before calculating MCI we have estimated weights of interest rate and exchange rate to be used in the construction of MCI. For this purpose we used unit root analysis and Johenson (1988) maximum likelihood method base on vector autoregressive technology. The estimated monetary conditions ratio for Pakistan is around 2.79:1. Finally we have constructed the MCI by utilising the estimated weights of rate of interest and exchange rate. The analysis indicate overall tight monetary policy during the decade. However there is some easing spell during 1997 to 1999. This shows the determinedness of monetary authorities with objective of keeping inflation low. Low inflation at the end of the decade indicates the success of monetary authorities in the conduct of monetary policy in achieving the target of low inflation.

Suggested Citation

  • Qayyum, Abdul, 2002. "Monetary Conditions Index: A Composite Measure of Monetary Policy in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 2153, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2002.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:2153
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Eika, Kari H & Ericsson, Neil R & Nymoen, Ragnar, 1996. "Hazards in Implementing a Monetary Conditions Index," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 58(4), pages 765-790, November.
    2. Ben S. Bernanke & Ilian Mihov, 1998. "Measuring Monetary Policy," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 113(3), pages 869-902.
    3. Bernanke, Ben S & Blinder, Alan S, 1992. "The Federal Funds Rate and the Channels of Monetary Transmission," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 82(4), pages 901-921, September.
    4. Duguay, Pierre, 1994. "Empirical evidence on the strength of the monetary transmission mechanism in Canada: An aggregate approach," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 39-61, February.
    5. Faiz Bilquees, 1988. "Inflation in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence on the Monetarist and Structuralist Hypotheses," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 27(2), pages 109-129.
    6. Nicoletta Batini & Kenny Turnbull, 2000. "Monetary Conditions Indices for the UK: A Survey," Discussion Papers 01, Monetary Policy Committee Unit, Bank of England.
    7. Dickey, David A & Fuller, Wayne A, 1981. "Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 49(4), pages 1057-1072, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Durdana Qaiser Gillani & An ul Abdin, 2021. "Impact of Monetary Policy on Economic Growth in Pakistan Economy," Journal of Education and Social Studies, Science Impact Publishers, vol. 2(3), pages 95-101.
    2. Muhammad Arif, 2007. "Developing Bond Market in Pakistan," SBP Research Bulletin, State Bank of Pakistan, Research Department, vol. 3, pages 129-157.
    3. Shazia Sana & Shahnawaz Malik & Muhammad Ramzan Sheikh, 2022. "Investigating The Effectiveness Of Channels Of Monetary Transmission Mechanism In Pakistan: An Application Of Var Model, Impulse Response Function And Variance Decomposition," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 11(2), pages 160-184, June.
    4. Sajawal Khan & Abdul Qayyum, 2007. "Measures of Monetary Policy Stance : The Case of Pakistan," Macroeconomics Working Papers 22201, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    5. Hematy , Maryam & Boostani , Reza, 2014. "Constructing a New Monetary Condition Index for Iran," Journal of Money and Economy, Monetary and Banking Research Institute, Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, vol. 9(3), pages 119-147, April.
    6. Zulfiqar Hyder & Muhammad Mazhar Khan, 2007. "Monetary Conditions Index for Pakistan," SBP Research Bulletin, State Bank of Pakistan, Research Department, vol. 3, pages 165-190.
    7. Aadil Nakhoda, 2014. "The Influence of Industry Financial Composition on the Exports from Pakistan," SBP Research Bulletin, State Bank of Pakistan, Research Department, vol. 10, pages 21-49.
    8. Muhammad Zahid Naeem & Chan Bibi, 2019. "Macroeconomic Determinants of Economic Growth under the Perspective of Monetary Policy in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(3), pages 164-176, September.
    9. Magdalena Petrovska & Ljupka Georgievska, 2015. "Alternative Indicator of Monetary Policy Stance for Macedonia," Working Papers 2015-01, National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Monetary Conditions Index (MCI); Monetary policy; Cointegraion; Pakistan;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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