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The Impact of Schooling Reform on Returns to Education in Malaysia

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Author Info
Ismail, Ramlee

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Abstract

The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of education reforms on earnings. One of the significant changes in the Malaysian education system was the schooling reform of 1970 that changed the medium of instruction from the English language to the Malaysian national language. Using data from the Household Income Surveys of 2002 and 2004, this paper updates the private rate of return to education. Applying a homogenous return model, using an ordinary least square (OLS) regression indicates that the private rate of returns to education is close to the world average. Using the Instrumental Variable approach, however, the impact of the schooling reforms indicates that the private rate of return to education is higher than the average.

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File URL: http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/15021/
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Publisher Info
Paper provided by University Library of Munich, Germany in its series MPRA Paper with number 15021.

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Date of creation: 29 Jan 2007
Date of revision: 29 Jan 2008
Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:15021

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Related research
Keywords: human capital; instrumental variables; rate of return to education;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
A20 - General Economics and Teaching - - Economic Education and Teaching of Economics - - - General
I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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  1. Fleisher, Belton M. & Wang, Xiaojun, 2005. "Returns to schooling in China under planning and reform," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 265-277, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  2. Costas Meghir & Mårten Palme, 1999. "Assessing the effect of schooling on earnings using a social experiment," IFS Working Papers W99/10, Institute for Fiscal Studies. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Psacharopoulos, George & Patrinos, Harry Anthony, 2002. "Returns to investment in education : a further update," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2881, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  4. Giles, John & Park, Albert & Wang, Meiyan, 2008. "The great proletarian cultural revolution, disruptions to education, and returns to schooling in urban China," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4729, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
  5. Vieira, Jose A. C., 1999. "Returns to education in Portugal," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 535-541, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Ryoo, Jai-Kyung & Nam, Young-Sook & Carnoy, Martin, 1993. "Changing rates of return to education over time: A Korean case study," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 71-80, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Patrinos, Harry Anthony & Sakellariou, Chris, 2004. "Schooling and labor market impacts of a natural policy experiment," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3460, The World Bank. [Downloadable!]
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  8. Brunello, Giorgio & Miniaci, Raffaele, 1999. "The economic returns to schooling for Italian men. An evaluation based on instrumental variables1," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 509-519, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Blundell, Richard, et al, 2000. "The Returns to Higher Education in Britain: Evidence from a British Cohort," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 110(461), pages F82-99, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Imbens, Guido W & Angrist, Joshua D, 1994. "Identification and Estimation of Local Average Treatment Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 62(2), pages 467-75, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Rahmah Ismail & Ragayah Haji Mat Zin, 2003. "Earnings Differentials Determinants Between Skills in the Malaysian Manufacturing Sector," Asian Economic Journal, East Asian Economic Association, vol. 17(4), pages 325-340, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Uusitalo, Roope, 1999. "Return to education in Finland," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(4), pages 569-580, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  13. Esther Duflo, 2001. "Schooling and Labor Market Consequences of School Construction in Indonesia: Evidence from an Unusual Policy Experiment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 91(4), pages 795-813, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  14. Harmon, Colm & Walker, Ian, 1995. "Estimates of the Economic Return to Schooling for the United Kingdom," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 85(5), pages 1278-86, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Psacharopoulos, George, 1994. "Returns to investment in education: A global update," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 22(9), pages 1325-1343, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  16. Heckman, James J. & Vytlacil, Edward J., 2000. "The relationship between treatment parameters within a latent variable framework," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 33-39, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  17. Moock, Peter R. & Patrinos, Harry Anthony & Venkataraman, Meera, 2003. "Education and earnings in a transition economy: the case of Vietnam," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 22(5), pages 503-510, October. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  18. Griliches, Zvi, 1977. "Estimating the Returns to Schooling: Some Econometric Problems," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 45(1), pages 1-22, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  19. Tsung-Ping Chung, 2004. "The Returns To Education And Training: Evidence From The Malaysian Family Life Surveys," Pacific Economic Review, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 9(2), pages 103-116, 06. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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