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Efectos de costos de despido, impuesto a la renta y productividad sobre la informalidad: un modelo de búsqueda de empleo para el Perú

Author

Listed:
  • Pablo Lavado

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

  • Gustavo Yamada

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

  • Abel Guillén

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

  • Sergio Solís

    (Universidad del Pacífico)

Abstract

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar el impacto de diversas medidas de políticas laborales en la distribución de la Población Económicamente Activa (PEA) entre el sector formal e informal. Elaboramos un modelo de búsqueda para el emparejamiento entre trabajadores y empresas, el cual considera las fricciones propias de nuestro mercado nacional que no habrían sido tomadas en cuenta en trabajos anteriores. En particular, buscamos evaluar políticas que permitan reducir la informalidad laboral en el país. Encontramos que reducir los costos de búsqueda de trabajadores que enfrenta una empresa para cubrir una vacante se traducen en una reducción de la informalidad laboral. Por otro lado, al reducir las tasas impositivas sobre la planilla, la proporción de trabajadores informales se reduce en mayor magnitud que en el caso de los costos de búsqueda, pero a su vez genera un mayor crecimiento del desempleo que en el caso anterior. Finalmente, evaluamos los efectos que se generarían ante cambios en la forma de la distribución de la productividad de los trabajadores; en particular, buscamos un aumento generalizado de la productividad que desplace la masa de la distribución hacia la derecha como el encontrado para los trabajadores formales. Los resultados en este caso reducen significativamente la informalidad y el desempleo, pero deben ser acompañados conjuntamente con otras políticas para mejorar su eficiencia.

Suggested Citation

  • Pablo Lavado & Gustavo Yamada & Abel Guillén & Sergio Solís, 2016. "Efectos de costos de despido, impuesto a la renta y productividad sobre la informalidad: un modelo de búsqueda de empleo para el Perú," Working Papers 16-10, Centro de Investigación, Universidad del Pacífico.
    • Handle: RePEc:pai:wpaper:16-10
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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