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Overtime Hours in Great Britain Over the Period 1975-1999: A Panel Data Analysis

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Author Info
Mary Gregory
Adriaan S. Kalwij

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Abstract

Around 40% of the male workforce regularly works 8 to 9 hours a week of paid overtime. This paper investigates the determinants of overtime hours in Britain over the period 1975-1999. For this purpose a panel data Tobit model is estimated using the very large panel of employees from the National Earnings Survey Dataset. The empirical results show that changes in the job-mix across the economy, from high to low overtime jobs rather than within-job changes in the use of overtime, account for most of the apparent decline in the extent of overtime working over the 1990s. Within jobs, the GDP cycle has a significant impact on overtime work, while labour market conditions, represented by the unemployment rate, do not. The elasticity of total working hours with respect to wages is found to be close to zero and with respect to contractual hours close to unity. Furthermore the results show that the decline of unionisation has not altered the use of overtime.

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Paper provided by University of Oxford, Department of Economics in its series Economics Series Working Papers with number 027.

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Date of creation: 2000
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Handle: RePEc:oxf:wpaper:027

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Related research
Keywords: overtime work contractual hours panel data Tobit model.

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data
C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data
C44 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Statistical Decision Theory; Operations Research
J00 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - General

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  1. Bauer, Thomas & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 1999. "Overtime Work and Overtime Compensation in Germany," IZA Discussion Papers 48, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Bell, David N. F. & Hart, Robert A., 1999. "Overtime Working in an Unregulated Labour Market," IZA Discussion Papers 44, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Mundlak, Yair, 1978. "On the Pooling of Time Series and Cross Section Data," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 69-85, January. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Kapteyn, A. & Kalwij, A. & Zaidi, A., 2000. "The myth of worksharing," Discussion Paper 23, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research. [Downloadable!]
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  5. Behrman, Jere R & Birdsall, Nancy M, 1988. "The Reward for Good Timing: Cohort Effects and Earnings Functions for Brazilian Males," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 70(1), pages 129-35, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Calmfors, Lars & Hoel, Michael, 1988. " Work Sharing and Overtime," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 90(1), pages 45-62.
  7. S Millard & A Scott & M Sensier, 1997. "The Labour Market over the Business Cycle: Can Theory Fit the Facts?," CEP Discussion Papers 0364, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
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  8. Kalwij, Adriaan S., 2003. "A maximum likelihood estimator based on first differences for a panel data Tobit model with individual specific effects," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 81(2), pages 165-172, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Trejo, Stephen J, 1991. "The Effects of Overtime Pay Regulation on Worker Compensation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 81(4), pages 719-40, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. James Tobin, 1956. "Estimation of Relationships for Limited Dependent Variables," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 3R, Cowles Foundation, Yale University. [Downloadable!]
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