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Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI): The Trade Effect of Regulatory Differences

Author

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  • Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås

    (OECD)

Abstract

This paper presents indices of regulatory heterogeneity based on the rich information in the STRI regulatory database. The indices are built from assessing – for each country pair and each measure – whether or not the countries have the same regulation. For each country pair and each sector, the indices reflect the (weighted) share of measures for which the two countries have different regulation. Estimates of the relationship between regulatory heterogeneity and trade shows that on average a reduction in the regulatory heterogeneity by 0.05 points is associated with 2.5% higher services exports and that the impact is larger the lower the level of trade restring regulation. The trade costs associated with the average score on the regulatory heterogeneity index (0.26) amounts to an ad valorem equivalent trade cost of between 20 and 75% at low levels of the STRI. Regulation has become slightly more similar from 2014 to 2015 in telecommunications. For the other sectors, countries have become slightly less similar over the same period.

Suggested Citation

  • Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås, 2016. "Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI): The Trade Effect of Regulatory Differences," OECD Trade Policy Papers 189, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:traaab:189-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlz9z022plp-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Hoekman,Bernard M., 2020. "Facilitating Trade in Services," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9228, The World Bank.
    2. Hoekman, Bernard & Shepherd, Ben, 2021. "Services Trade Policies and Economic Integration: New Evidence for Developing Countries," World Trade Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(1), pages 115-134, February.
    3. Philipp Lamprecht & Sébastien Miroudot, 2020. "The value of market access and national treatment commitments in services trade agreements," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(11), pages 2880-2904, November.
    4. Anirudh Shingal, 2023. "Mode 4 restrictiveness and services trade," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 159(3), pages 757-786, August.
    5. Lodefalk, Magnus & Kyvik Nordås, Hildegunn, 2017. "Trading firms and trading costs in services: The case of Sweden," Working Papers 2017:4, Örebro University, School of Business.
    6. Anirudh Shingal, 2021. "COVID-19 and Services Trade in ASEAN+6: Implications and Estimates from Structural Gravity," Working Papers DP-2021-02, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
    7. Zongo, Amara, 2020. "The Impact of Services Trade Restrictiveness on Food Trade," MPRA Paper 101658, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Zongo, Amara, 2021. "The impact of services trade restrictiveness on food trade," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 71-94.
    9. Chen, Liming & Felipe, Jesus & Kam, Andrew J.Y. & Mehta, Aashish, 2021. "Is employment globalizing?," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 74-92.
    10. David Haugh & Alexandre Kopoin & Elena Rusticelli & David Turner & Richard Dutu, 2016. "Cardiac Arrest or Dizzy Spell: Why is World Trade So Weak and What can Policy Do About It?," OECD Economic Policy Papers 18, OECD Publishing.
    11. Benedikt Herz & Xosé-Luís Varela-Irimia, 2020. "Border effects in European public procurement [Information costs and home bias: an analysis of US holdings of foreign equities]," Journal of Economic Geography, Oxford University Press, vol. 20(6), pages 1359-1405.
    12. Zhang, Yan & Bai, Zhuoran & Findaly, Christopher, 2021. "Value-added Tax Reform and Services Exports: Evidence from China," MPRA Paper 111184, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2021.
    13. Łukasz Matuszczak, 2019. "What are the determinants of international trade in services? Evidence from firm-level data for Poland," Working Papers 2019-20, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw.
    14. Alessio Lombini, 2021. "Regulatory heterogeneity and global value chain-related trade," IRENE Working Papers 21-08, IRENE Institute of Economic Research.
    15. Sebastian Benz & Dorothée Rouzet & Francesca Spinelli, 2020. "Firm heterogeneity in services trade: Micro‐level evidence from eight OECD countries," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(11), pages 2905-2931, November.
    16. Sven Blank & Peter H. Egger, 2022. "On the sensitivity of trade costs to services trade restrictions†," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(3), pages 592-607, March.
    17. Bernard Hoekman & Dominique Njinkeu, 2017. "Integrating Africa: Some Trade Policy Research Priorities and Challenges," RSCAS Working Papers 2017/43, European University Institute.
    18. Sebastian Benz & Janos Ferencz & Hildegunn K. Nordås, 2020. "Regulatory barriers to trade in services: A new database and composite indices," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 43(11), pages 2860-2879, November.
    19. Anirudh Shingal, 2020. "Quantifying Barriers to Movement of Service Suppliers and Examining their Effects: Implications for COVID-19," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Working Paper 399, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi, India.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    regulatory cooperation; trade costs; trade in services;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • F42 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
    • F53 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations

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