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Measuring Competition in Slovenian Industries: Estimation of Mark-ups

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  • Margit Molnar

    (OECD)

Abstract

Product market regulation on average is Slovenia does not appear particularly stringent, but heavy state involvement and high market concentration in several industries call for the gauging of competitive pressures in Slovenian industries. Owing to such characteristics, more sophisticated measures than the simple comparison of relative price levels is needed. Mark-ups can provide valuable information on competitive pressures in various sectors of the economy, reflecting pressures stemming from rules of conduct imposed by regulators as well as those arising from such factors as trade and FDI or increasing consumer demands in terms of price and quality. Conversely, the lack of competitive pressure may stem from heavy state involvement in the manufacturing and service sectors. This study is a first attempt to estimate mark-ups for manufacturing and service industries in Slovenia and in addition, its novelty is that it i) estimates mark-ups at a detailed level of sectoral disaggregation and ii) allows for non-constant returns to scale. The estimation is done for the period 1993-2006 and uses firm level data of the Amadeus database. In general, the estimated mark-ups are higher for services than manufacturing industries, but some manufacturing industries have high mark-ups in international comparison. This Working Paper relates to the 2009 OECD Economic Survey of Slovenia (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/slovenia). Mesurer la concurrence dans les branches d'activité slovènes : estimation des marges En moyenne, la réglementation des marchés de produits en Slovénie ne semble pas particulièrement restrictive, mais l'ampleur de l'intervention de l'État et la forte concentration du marché dans plusieurs secteurs requièrent une évaluation des pressions concurrentielles dans les branches d'activité slovènes. Compte tenu de ces caractéristiques, des mesures plus élaborées que la simple comparaison des niveaux de prix relatifs s'imposent. Les taux de marge peuvent être riches d'enseignements sur les pressions concurrentielles qui s'exercent dans divers secteurs de l'économie, reflétant les pressions qui résultent des règles de conduite imposées par les autorités de régulation, ainsi que celles qui découlent de facteurs tels les échanges et l'investissement direct étranger (IDE) ou l'augmentation des exigences des consommateurs en termes de prix et de qualité. Inversement, le manque de pressions concurrentielles peut avoir pour origine l'ampleur de l'intervention de l'État dans les industries manufacturières et les services. Cette étude est une première tentative d'estimer les marges dans les industries manufacturières et les services en Slovénie ; en outre, elle se caractérise par deux nouveautés : i) les marges y sont estimées à un niveau de ventilation sectorielle très poussé et ii) l'étude tient compte de rendements d'échelle non constants. Cette estimation est effectuée pour la période 1993-2006, à partir de données par entreprise tirées de la base de données Amadeus. En général, les marges estimées sont plus élevées pour les services que pour les industries manufacturières, mais ces dernières affichent dans certains cas des taux de marge élevés en termes de comparaison internationale. Ce document de travail se rapporte à l'Étude économique de l'OCDE sur la Slovénie de 2009 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/slovenie).

Suggested Citation

  • Margit Molnar, 2010. "Measuring Competition in Slovenian Industries: Estimation of Mark-ups," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 787, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:787-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmd41bjwr0q-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    competition; comportement sur le marché; concurrence; concurrence imparfaite; firm production; imperfect competition; market behaviour; monopole; monopoly; production des entreprises; Slovenia; Slovénie;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D21 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Theory
    • D4 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design
    • L12 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Monopoly; Monopolization Strategies

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