The relationships between trade and growth have long been a subject of considerable controversy among economists. In the early post-World War II period, many economic leaders concluded that protective trade policies stimulated growth, and import substitution policies were widely adopted by developing countries. By the 1980s, however, country-specific and general cross-country analyses had demonstrated the failure of the import substitution approach, and consequently export-oriented policies were widely adopted. While subsequent cross-country studies have generally indicated the growth effectiveness of outward-looking policies, recent criticisms of these studies (by Rodriguez and Rodrik, 1999, in particular) have called this conclusion into question ...
Les relations entre le commerce et la croissance ont été depuis longtemps sujet à controverse parmi les économistes. Durant la période qui a suivi la deuxième guerre mondiale, beaucoup de leaders dans le domaine de l’économie concluaient que les politiques commerciales protectionnistes étaient stimulantes pour la croissance, et que des politiques de substitution de l’importation étaient largement en vigueur dans les pays développés. Au cours des années 80, cependant, les analyses nationales et internationales ont démontré l’inefficacité de l’approche de subsitution de l’importation, et donc les politiques visant l’exportation ont été favorisées en conséquence. Si les études internationales ultérieures soulignent en général l’efficacité, en termes de croissance, des politiques favorisant l’exportation, de récentes critiques de ces études (en particulier, Rodriguez et Rodrik, 1999) ont contesté cette conclusion ...
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Find related papers by JEL classification: F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies O19 - Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
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