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The Macroeconomics of Ageing, Pensions and Savings: A Survey

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  • Richard Kohl
  • Paul O'Brien

Abstract

The effect of pension systems on public and private saving is important - savings are a crucial link between decisions today and living standards tomorrow. This paper, following a brief overview of pension systems in some OECD countries, reviews the empirical literature. Two important questions are: do unfunded public pension schemes reduce national saving? Do tax-favoured private saving schemes increase national saving? Quantitative estimates are highly uncertain, but the answers appear to be, "yes, by up 30 per cent of the funding gap"; and "yes, but often not by very much when the fiscal effects are considered." ... L'impact des systèmes de retraite sur l'épargne public et privée est important -- l'épargne établit un lien essentiel entre le comportement d'aujourd'hui et le niveau de vie de demain. Après un rapide suivi des systèmes de pensions dans certains pays de l'OCDE, cet article passe en revue la littérature empirique. Deux questions fondamentales se présentent : le taux d'épargne national est-il diminué par un système de pensions par répartition (sans fonds) ? Les comptes d'épargne bénéficiant d'avantages fiscaux, augmentent-t-ils ce taux national d'épargne ? Il est très difficile de quantifier, mais les réponses semblent être : "oui, jusqu'à l'équivalent de 30 pour cent de la dette implicite" ; et "oui, mais souvent peu sensiblement compte tenu des effets fiscaux." ...

Suggested Citation

  • Richard Kohl & Paul O'Brien, 1998. "The Macroeconomics of Ageing, Pensions and Savings: A Survey," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 200, OECD Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:200-en
    DOI: 10.1787/687160618113
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    Cited by:

    1. Boris Cournède & Jean-Marc Fournier & Peter Hoeller, 2018. "Public finance structure and inclusive growth," OECD Economic Policy Papers 25, OECD Publishing.
    2. Ricardo N. Bebczuk & Alberto R. Musalem, 2006. "Pensions and Saving: New International Panel Data Evidence," Department of Economics, Working Papers 061, Departamento de Economía, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    3. A. Bayar & K. Mc Morrow, 1999. "Determinants of private consumption," European Economy - Economic Papers 2008 - 2015 135, Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission.
    4. Sergio Cesaratto, 2002. "The Economics of Pensions: A non-conventional approach," Review of Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 149-177.
    5. Faruqee, Hamid & Muhleisen, Martin, 2003. "Population aging in Japan: demographic shock and fiscal sustainability," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 15(2), pages 185-210, April.
    6. Garry Young, 2002. "The implications of an ageing population for the UK economy," Bank of England working papers 159, Bank of England.
    7. Lopez Murphy, Pablo & Musalem, Alberto R., 2004. "Pension funds and national saving," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3410, The World Bank.
    8. E Philip Davis, 2006. "How Will Ageing Affect the Structure of Financial Markets?," RBA Annual Conference Volume (Discontinued), in: Christopher Kent & Anna Park & Daniel Rees (ed.),Demography and Financial Markets, Reserve Bank of Australia.
    9. Jorge Miguel Bravo, 2016. "Taxation of Pensions in Portugal: Is there a Rationale for a Semi-Dual Income Tax System?," CESifo Working Paper Series 5981, CESifo.
    10. Bernard M.S. van Praag & Pedro Cardoso, 2003. "The Mix Between Pay-as-you-go and Funded Pensions and What Demography Has to Do with it," CESifo Working Paper Series 865, CESifo.
    11. Sayan, Serdar & Kiraci, Arzdar, 2001. "Parametric pension reform with higher retirement ages: A computational investigation of alternatives for a pay-as-you-go-based pension system," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 25(6-7), pages 951-966, June.
    12. Mantu Kumar Mahalik & John Nkwoma Inekwe & Kuntal K. Das & Umakant Dash & Augustine C Arize, 2022. "Does the Pattern of Age Dependency Matter in the Promotion of Financial Development in an Emerging Economy?," Working Papers in Economics 22/06, University of Canterbury, Department of Economics and Finance.
    13. Siliverstovs, Boriss & Kholodilin, Konstantin A. & Thiessen, Ulrich, 2011. "Does aging influence structural change? Evidence from panel data," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 244-260, June.
    14. Loïc Cadiou & Julien Genet & Jean-Louis Guérin, 2002. "Évolutions démographiques et marché du travail : des liens complexes parfois contradictoires," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 355(1), pages 139-156.

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