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| Abstract |
This paper retraces the Communities external liberalisation efforts, and discusses, where relevant, the repercussions of internal liberalisation on foreign competitors. The aim of the paper is to clarify, and when feasible, to quantify the economic effects of the EU’s trade policies. To this end, it provides an overview of past liberalisation efforts, reviews trade indicators in international comparison and lays out the future trade agenda of the Community. The empirical evidence provided in the paper points to little evidence for trade diversion due to integration in Europe, while trade is likely to have boosted area-wide income significantly. It is openness in general, rather than regional integration, that has favoured growth in Europe ...
Cet article retrace les efforts de libéralisation extérieure de la Communauté et discute des effets du marché unique sur les compétiteurs étrangers. L’objectif de cet article est de clarifier et, si possible, de quantifier les effets économiques de la politique commerciale commune de l’UE. A cette fin, ce document présente un survol des efforts de libéralisation passés. Il procède ensuite à une comparaison internationale des indicateurs de commerce et décrit le futur agenda de la Communauté. Les résultats empiriques obtenus dans cet article indiquent que l’intégration européenne n’aurait entraîné que peu d’effet de diversion des échanges tandis que l’ouverture commerciale semble avoir relevé de façon importante le niveau du revenue de la région dans son ensemble. C’est l’ouverture extérieure plus généralement davantage que l’intégration régionale qui a favorisé la croissance en Europe ...
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