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Boosting export performance in Portugal

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  • Jens Matthias Arnold

    (OECD)

Abstract

In the years before the economic crisis, Portugal had low growth, a decline in export competitiveness and rising imbalances that included a large current account deficit and a strong expansion of the non-tradable sector. Strengthening export performance is therefore one of the principal challenges for Portugal. A successful rebalancing of the economy is underway since Portugal started an ambitious structural reform programme in 2011, but more needs to be done to build on the recent export success. This includes both measures to improve competitiveness, such as reforms in energy and services sectors, and measures to boost productivity growth, such as tax reform, improving the performance of the judicial system and better public support for research and development. Given that exporting firms are typically the top performers in their industry, and have been so even before becoming exporters, it is important to avoid policies that could slow down the possibilities for high-performing firms to gain market share, such as the extension of collective wage agreements or the design of tax credits for research and development activities. Support for small enterprises should also be designed to benefit start-ups with a strong growth performance, as well as firms that are increasing their participation in international trade. Stimuler la performance à l'exportation au Portugal Pendant les années qui ont précédé la crise financière, la croissance a été faible au Portugal, la compétitivité des exportations a reculé et les déséquilibres se sont amplifiés, marqués notamment par un important déficit de la balance courante et une forte expansion du secteur des biens non échangeables. Renforcer les performances à l’exportation est donc l’un des principaux défis que le Portugal se doit de relever. Les premiers signes d’un rééquilibrage de l’économie sont apparus depuis que le Portugal a engagé un ambitieux programme de réformes structurelles en 2011, mais il reste encore à faire pour mettre à profit les succès récents à l’exportation. Il s’agit notamment de prendre à la fois des mesures destinées à améliorer la compétitivité-coût, par exemple des réformes dans les secteurs de l’énergie et des services, et des mesures visant à doper la hausse de la productivité, par exemple en adoptant une réforme fiscale, en améliorant les performances du système judiciaire et en renforçant le soutien public à la recherche-développement. Étant donné que les entreprises exportatrices sont généralement celles qui, dans leur secteur d’activité, sont les plus performantes, et qu’elles l’étaient généralement déjà avant même de devenir exportatrices, il est important d’éviter toute politique qui pourrait avoir pour effet d’amoindrir les possibilités offertes aux entreprises très performantes de gagner des parts de marché, par exemple l’extension des accords de négociation collective ou la mise en place de crédits d’impôts pour la recherche-développement. Par ailleurs, le soutien aux petites entreprises devrait être conçu de manière à bénéficier aux jeunes pousses en forte croissance plutôt qu’à de petites entreprises déjà parvenues à un stade de maturité.

Suggested Citation

  • Jens Matthias Arnold, 2015. "Boosting export performance in Portugal," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1257, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1257-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jrw21nm480q-en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Christine de la Maisonneuve, 2016. "How to boost export performance in Greece," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1299, OECD Publishing.
    2. Beata Udvari, 2016. "The Aid for Trade initiative and the export performance of the Iberian EU-countries," IWE Working Papers 225, Institute for World Economics - Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.
    3. Andrea Elteto & Katalin Antaloczy, 2016. "Post-crisis foreign trade trends and policies on the periphery of the European Union - comparison of the Iberian, Baltic and Central European region," IWE Working Papers 224, Institute for World Economics - Centre for Economic and Regional Studies.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    competitiveness; exports; productivity; structural reforms;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D2 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • J3 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
    • J5 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining
    • K2 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law
    • K4 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior
    • L5 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy

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